外源锌对不同品种番茄光合特性、品质及镉积累的影响  

Effects of Exogenous Zinc on Photosynthetic Characteristics,Fruit Quality and Cadmium Accumulation in Tomato

作　　者：谢文文[1] 周坤[1] 徐卫红[1] 熊仕娟 陈蓉[1] 江玲[1] 王崇力[1] 杨芸[1] 熊治庭[2] 王正银[1] 谢德体[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学资源环境学院,重庆400715 [2]武汉大学资源环境学院,武汉430079

出　　处：《西南大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第11期22-29,共8页Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(Nycytx-35);国家自然科学基金项目(20477032);国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD87B10)

摘　　要：采用土培试验研究了在重金属Cd污染条件（10 mg／kg）下，叶面喷施Zn（Zn浓度为0，200，400μmol／L）对2个番茄（Solanum lycopersicum Mill.）品种（“4641”和“渝粉109”）生长、光合特性、品质及番茄体内Cd形态和积累量的影响．结果表明，随Zn浓度增加，2个番茄品种的果实、根、茎、叶干重及植株总干质量均呈上升趋势．2个品种叶片净光合速率和气孔导度及“渝粉109”叶片蒸腾速率随Zn浓度增加呈现先增后降趋势；叶片胞间CO2浓度及“4641”叶片蒸腾速率随Zn处理浓度的增加而显著降低．随着喷Zn浓度的增加，2个番茄品种果实内氨基酸质量比、“4641”品种的果实Vc质量比和“渝粉109”品种的果实内硝酸盐质量比均显著下降，“渝粉109”果实的Vc质量比则显著增加；2个品种果实的还原糖质量分数随Zn浓度增加呈现先升后降趋势．低Zn（200μmol／L ）减少了番茄果实各形态Cd质量比和Cd总提取量，但高Zn（400μmol／L ）反而增加了“渝粉109”果实中 FE 质量比，以及增加了2个品种中 FNaCl ，FHCl ，FR 和总提取量．与对照处理相比，随喷Zn浓度的增加，“4641”和“渝粉109”叶、茎、根和果实 Cd质量比分别减少了18.81％～21.55％和16.64％～20.15％，31.09％～35.76％和29.00％～36.71％，31.19％～26.13％和40.12％～41.81％，5.32％～11.73％和4.35％～12.73％．比较2个番茄品种，无论是否喷Zn ，果实中Cd质量比及Cd积累量“4641”都高于“渝粉109”，植株 Cd总积累量以“渝粉109”高于“4641”．Pot experiments were carried out to investigate the influences of different zinc （Zn） levels （0 , 200 and 400 μmol/L ） on plant grow th ,photosynthetic characteristics ,quality indices and accumulation and chemical forms of cadmium （Cd） in 2 （Solanum lycopersicum Mill. ） tomato varieties （“4641” and“Yufen109”） exposed to Cd （10 mg/kg） .The dry weight of fruit ,roots ,stem and leaf of the 2 varieties and the total dry mass of the plant increased with increasing Zn level .Photosynthetic rate （Pn ） and stoma‐tal conductance （Gs ） in both varieties and transpiration rate （Tr ） in “Yufen109” increased at first ,and then decreased with increasing levels of Zn ,while intercellular carbon dioxide concentration （Ci ） in both varieties and transpiration rate （Tr ） in“4641”decreased significantly with increasing Zn level .The concen‐tration of amino acids in both varieties ,Vc in“4641”and nitrate in“Yufen109”decreased significantly with increasing Zn level ,while Vc in “Yufen109” decreased significantly .The concentration of reducing sugars in both varieties increased at first ,and then decreased with increasing Zn level .All chemical forms of Cd and the total extractable Cd decreased at low concentration of Cd （200 μmol/L ）;however , FE of“Yufen109”and FNaCl ,FHCl and FR ,and total extractable Cd in both varieties increased at high concentra‐tion of Zn （400 μmol/L） .Compared with the control treatment ,Cd concentration in leaf ,stem ,roots and fruit of the two varieties decreased by 18.81% ~21.55% and 16.64% ~20.15% ,31.09% ~35.76% and 29. 00% ~ 36. 71% , 31. 19% ~ 26. 13% and 40. 12% ~ 41. 81% , and 5. 32% ~ 11. 73% and 4. 35% ~12.73% ,respectively ,with increasing Zn level .Whether Zn was sprayed or not ,Cd concentration and Cd accumulation in fruit were in the order of “4641”〉“Yufen109” ,while total Cd accumulation in the plant was in the order of “Yufen109 ”〉“4641” .

关 键 词：外源锌 光合特性 番茄品质 镉累积 镉形态 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]