轴向交变载荷作用下螺栓联接结构的松动试验研究  

An Experimental Study on Self-Loosening of Bolted Joints under Axial Vibration

作　　者：于泽通 刘建华[1] 张朝前 周俊波[1] 彭金方[1] 马利军 朱旻昊[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学摩擦学研究所,四川成都610031 [2]青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司,山东青岛266111

出　　处：《摩擦学学报》2015年第6期732-736,共5页Tribology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51025519;51305364);教育部创新研究团队(IRT1178)项目资助~~

摘　　要：在设计、试制螺栓加载装置的基础上,对螺栓联接结构进行了轴向振动的疲劳试验,获取了螺栓夹紧力的时变曲线,并对试验后的螺栓接触表面进行损伤分析,研究螺栓联接结构的松动机理.结果表明:在轴向振动条件下,螺栓联接结构的夹紧力下降较为明显,但拧出力矩相对于预紧力矩变化不大.螺栓的松动过程可分为以下两个阶段:试验初期由于螺栓接触面的塑性变形,夹紧力迅速下降;然后由于接触面之间的微动磨损,夹紧力缓慢下降.螺纹接触面之间的损伤机制主要为黏着磨损、磨粒磨损和剥层.Based on the design and manufacture of the device of bolt loading, the fatigue tests of self-loosening of bolted joints under axial vibration were carried out, and the evolution curves of the clamping force of the bolts were obtained. And then the damage of the contact thread surface of bolts was analyzed, and the self-loosening mechanisms of bolt joint were discussed in detail. The results show that the clamping force of bolt joints decreased obviously, however, the breakaway torque had no obvious change compared to the pre-tightening torque. The self-loosening process of a bolted joint can be divided into two stages： firstly, the clamping force decreased greatly due to the cyclic plastic deformation of the materials, secondly, the clamping force reduced slowly caused by the fretting wear between contact threads. The wear mechanisms of the contact threads were mainly adhesive wear, abrasive wear and delamination.

关 键 词：螺栓联接 轴向振动 松动 微动磨损 

分 类 号：TH117.1[机械工程—机械设计及理论]