西安市公园灰尘重金属污染及其健康风险评价  

Pollution Level and Health Risk of Heavy Metals in Dust from City Parks of Xi'an

作　　者：赵珀 卢新卫[1] 黄丽[1] 庄肃凯[1] 史长青[1] 尹娜[1] 王倩[1] 李雨心 朱媛婕 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院,西安710062

出　　处：《城市环境与城市生态》2015年第6期5-9,共5页Urban Environment & Urban Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金--"冶炼焦电工业区重金属与PAHs污染特征及人群健康风险研究"(41271510)

摘　　要：采集西安市20个具有代表性公园的灰尘样品,利用X-Ray荧光光谱仪测定了样品中重金属Co、Cr、Cu、Mn、Ni、Pb、V、Zn及As的含量,采用美国EPA健康评价方法对灰尘中重金属对人体的健康危害进行了评价。测试结果表明,灰尘中重金属Co、Cr、Cu、Mn、Ni、Pb、V、Zn及As的平均含量为32.3、125.2、91.0、580.5、35.8、147.4、80.9、337.2、11.8 mg/kg,分别是陕西土壤背景值的3.1、2.0、4.3、1.0、1.2、6.9、1.2、4.86、1.1倍,其中Pb、Zn、Cu、Co超标较为突出。健康风险评价结果显示,对于成人和儿童,手—口摄入是重金属元素暴露的主要途径;对儿童的非致癌风险大于成人;致癌和非致癌风险值均在安全范围之内,不存在健康危害。The contents of some metals namely Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, V,Zn and As in dust from 20 representative city parks of Xi＇an were measured by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and the health risk of the analyzed metals to human was evaluated by a US EPA health risk assessment model. The results showed that the mean contents of Co,Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, V, Zn and As in the dust were 32.3, 125.2, 91.0 580.5, 35.8, 147.4, 80.9, 337.2, 11.8 mg/kg,which were 3.1, 2.0, 4.3, 1.0, 1.2, 6.9, 1.2, 4.86 and 1.1 times higher than their background values in Shaanxi soil,respectively, and the Pb, Zn and Co were markedly higher. The health risk assessment indicated that ingestion through mouth and hands of dust particles appeared to be the main exposure route of metals for both adults and children. Metals in the dust posed more health risk to children than adults. The non-cancer risks of the studied metals and the cancer risks of As, Co, Cr and Ni were within the safety range, without health risk.

关 键 词：公园 灰尘 重金属 健康风险 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]