3种生物表面活性剂去除土壤中农残的研究  

Investigation of Removing Pesticides from Soils by Using 3 Kinds of Biosurfactants

作　　者：杨慧娟[1] 张琢[2] 顾华[2] 温晓华[2] 余肖峰 邵超英[1] 

机构地区：[1]东华大学化学化工与生物工程学院,上海201620 [2]国土资源部上海资源环境监督检测中心,上海200072

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2015年第10期112-118,共7页Environmental Science & Technology

摘　　要：研究了AGP0810、AGP1214和皂角苷3种生物表面活性剂对土壤中六六六、滴滴涕、七氯、乙草胺和氯氰菊酯的去除作用。考察了表面活性剂浓度、溶液用量和超声时间等对土壤中农药去除率的影响,并对实验结果进行了分析。结果表明：分别使用20 m L 20 g/L的AGP0810和皂角苷以及10 m L 5 g/L的AGP1214超声振荡30 min,上述农药的去除率分别为38.94%-77.76%、21.79%-91.63%和25.52%-57.53%。将AGP0810和皂角苷复配,农药去除效率可达40.31%-98.62%,同时对高农药污染土壤也有一定的去除能力。实验发现农药去除率与表面活性剂的CMC、农药的辛醇-水分配系数及表面活性剂胶束与农药结合的稳定性等有关。The performance of AGP〈0810,AGP1214 and saponin was studied for removal of BHCs,DDTs,acetochlor,heptachlor and cypermethrin from contaminated soils. The effects of the surfactant concentration, solution dosage and ultrasonic time for washing on removing efficiencies of the pesticides were investigated and analyzed. Results showed that respectively 38.94% -77.76% and 21.79% -91.63% of the pesticides were removed when using 20 m L 20 g/L AGP〈0810 and saponin with ultrasonication for 30 min. While using 10 m L 5g/L of AGP1214,only 25.52%-57.53% of them were removed from soil. The mixture of AGP〈0810 and saponin had better removing efficiency of 40.31% -98.62% than using any single surfactant and could be used for the higher concentration of soil pollution. It was found that removal rates of the pesticides were related to CMC values of surfactant,octanol-water partition coefficients of pesticide,and the binding stabilities between surfactant micelles and pesticide.

关 键 词：土壤 农药 生物表面活性剂 烷基糖苷 皂角苷 去除 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]