德州市大气颗粒物中二次粒子污染特征  

Pollution Characteristics of Secondary Particles in Atmospheric Particulate Matter in Dezhou

作　　者：刘泽常[1] 张庆然[1] 王宁[1] 张桂芹[1] 张清爽 左敬友 

机构地区：[1]山东建筑大学市政与环境工程学院,山东济南250101 [2]德州市环境保护监测中心站,山东德州253034

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2015年第10期146-152,共7页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：德州市大气颗粒物污染特征及来源解析(2011-106)

摘　　要：为了探讨德州市大气颗粒物中二次粒子污染特征,于2012年2-9月在德州市城区及郊区布置采样点位6个,分为采暖季、风沙季、非采暖季3个季节进行了不同粒径(TSP、PM_(10)、PM_(2.5))颗粒物的样品采集;进行了颗粒物中阴离子(F^-、Cl^-、SO_4^(2-)、NO_3^-)、阳离子(NH_4^+、K^+、Na^+、Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+))和碳组分(OC、EC)的测定。结果表明:德州市大气颗粒物中SNA/总水溶性离子为60.83%,SNA污染严重;SO_4^(2-)的平均浓度值变化趋势均为非采暖季>风沙季>采暖季,NH_4^+为采暖季>风沙季>非采暖季,NO_3^-没有呈现出明显的季节变化特征;SO_4^(2-)、NO_3^-、NH_4^+在PM_(2.5)中的浓度与其在PM_(10)中浓度的比值范围为0.60~0.90,二次无机离子更容易富集在细颗粒物中;NO_3^-/SO_4^(2-)的平均值为0.17,德州市大气颗粒物以燃煤污染占主导;OC、EC的平均浓度值变化趋势均为采暖季>风沙季>非采暖季,OC/EC的比值均>2.0,说明德州市大气细粒子中SOC对OC有一定的贡献;SOC浓度值的季节变化趋势为采暖季>风沙季>非采暖季,SOC/OC的平均值在TSP、PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)中分别为16.91、22.15、19.27,说明SOC在OC中占有较大比例,是OC的重要组成部分。In order to investigate the pollution characteristics of secondary particles in atmospheric particulate matter in Dezhou,Shandong Province,6 sampling points was arranged in February to September,2012,for the collection of samples of different particle sizes in three seasons including heating season,sandstorm season and non-heating season. Concentrations of particulate matter were analyzed and anionic,cationic and carbon components were determined. The results showed that SNA/total water-soluble ions in atmospheric particulate matter was 60.83 %,and SNA pollution was serious. Average concentration＇s trends of SO4^2- were non-heating season sandstorm season heating season,NH4^＋ were the heating seasonsandstorm season non-heating season,NO3^- did not exhibit significant seasonal variation. The ratio of concentration of SO4^2-,NO3^-,NH4^＋in PM2.5 and PM10 was ranged from 0.60 to 0.90,secondary inorganic ions were easier to enrich in fine particulate matter,and average NO3^-/SO4^2-was 0.17. The atmospheric particulate matter in Dezhou was dominated by coal pollution. The average concentration＇s trends of OC and EC were heating season sandstorm season non-heating season.OC/EC was greater than 2.0,indicating that SOC has some contribution for OC in atmospheric fine particles of Dezhou. The concentration trends of OC was heating season sandstorm season non-heating season. SOC/OC＇s annual average was 16.91,22.15 and 19.27 in TSP,PM10 and PM2.5,indicating that SOC accounted for a large proportion of the OC,and was an important part of OC.

关 键 词：颗粒物 SNA EC OC SOC 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]