我国大中城市蔬菜种植成本与收益分析  

Cost and profit of vegetable cultivation in big and medium-sized cities of China

作　　者：黄修杰[1] 白雪娜[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院农业经济与农村发展研究所,广州510640

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2015年第10期1915-1919,共5页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金项目(S2013010013762)

摘　　要：【目的】分析我国大中城市蔬菜种植成本与收益，为各级政府及相关部门发展蔬菜产业提供决策依据。【方法】基于2009-2013年28个全国大中城市的7种蔬菜数据，分析我国大中城市蔬菜种植的成本与收益情况，提出大中城市蔬菜产业发展的对策建议。【结果】2009～2013年，我国大中城市蔬菜种植生产总成本呈逐年波动上升趋势，单位面积总成本的波动变化大于单位产品总成本波动。生产成本占总成本的比重较稳定，土地成本则小幅上涨。从生产成本结构看，物质与服务费用占生产成本比重呈下降趋势，从2009年的51．72％下降至2013年的38．44％，而人工成本占比呈上升趋势，从2009年的48．28％上升至2013年的61．56％。全国大中城市蔬菜种植收益呈一定的上升趋势，但收益增长缓慢于成本增长，大中城市蔬菜种植虽有盈利，但仍面临较大的成本压力。【建议】应科学规划、合理布局，科技支撑、严格控制栽培成本，培养新型蔬菜种植主体、发展蔬菜新种植方向，以稳定我国大中城市蔬菜种植收益，保障蔬菜供应。[Objective]The cost and profit of planting vegetable in big and medium-sized cities in China during 2009- 2013 were analyzed, in order to provide references for making development strategies of vegetable industry for government at all levels and relevant departments. [Method]Based on 7 kinds of vegetables data in 28 big and mediumksized cityies, the cost and profit of planting vegetable in big and medium-sized cities in China were analyzed. Then the corresponding development strategies were put forward to develop vegetable industry in big and medium-sized city. [Result]The total cost of vegetable cultivation in big and medium-sized city showed fluctuant increasing trend year by year during 2009-2013. And the fluctuating change of total cost per unit area was greater than that of total cost per unit product. The proportion of production cost in total cost remained steady, while the proportion of land cost went up slightly in recent two years. In ad- dition, from the perspectives of production cost structure, the proportion of material and service cost presented an decreas- ing tend （51.72% in 2009 dropped to 38.44% in 2013）, while the proportion of labor cost showed an increasing tendency （48.28% in 2009 increased to 61.56% in 2013）. Besides, the profit of vegetable planting in big and medium-sized cities of China showed also an increasing tendency, however the profit growth was slower than cost growth. Therefore, some profits were obtained by planting vegetable in big and medium-sized city of China at present, while there were some large cost pressures to be coped with. [Suggestion]In order to stabilize vegetable planting profit and guarantee vegetable sup- ply, the corresponding development strategies were put forward to, which included making scientific planning and rational layout, providing science and technology support, strictly controlling cultivation cost, culturing new vegetable planting subject and developing new vegetable planting direction.

关 键 词：大中城市 蔬菜种植 成本 收益 建议 

分 类 号：F304.2[经济管理—产业经济]