烤烟连作土壤微生物数量及烤烟品质变化的比较  

Effects of Continuous Cropping on Soil Microbial Biomass of Tobacco Field and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco

作　　者：王蒙蒙[1] 朱金峰[2] 许自成[1] 贾健[1] 王林[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学烟草学院,河南郑州450002 [2]河南省烟草公司漯河市公司,河南漯河462000

出　　处：《江西农业学报》2015年第12期50-54,共5页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

基　　金：河南省烟草公司漯河市公司科技攻关项目(HYKJ-LH201503)

摘　　要：研究了轮作、连作3年、连作6年的植烟土壤微生物数量以及烤烟质量的变化,结果表明:细菌数量从团棵期、旺长期到成熟期,呈现出逐步减少的趋势,且轮作土壤的细菌数量最大;就真菌数量而言,轮作少于连作土壤,连作6年的真菌数量在团棵期最大,且显著高于轮作和连作3年;放线菌数量表现为轮作>连作3年>连作6年,且团棵期>旺长期>成熟期。对烤烟物理特性研究表明,填充值、叶片厚度、抗张力、叶质重、含梗率均表现为轮作与连作3年有显著差异,其余指标不显著;对烤烟化学成分,糖碱比、氮碱比、钾氯比、施木克值均表现为轮作>连作6年>连作3年,且在适宜范围内,轮作烤烟的协调性优于连作;中性致香成分总量(不计新植二烯)表现为轮作>连作6年>连作3年。The soil microbial quantity and quality of flue-cured tobacco were studied in tobacco field, in which crop rotation, 3 -year continuous cropping, and 6-year continuous cropping had been carried out. The results showed that： from resettling stage to vigorous growth stage, further to mature period, the bacterial population in the soil reduced gradually, and it was the highest in the soil of crop rotation. The fungal number in the soil of crop rotation was less than that in the soil of continuous cropping, it reached the maximum at resettling stage in the soil of 6-year continuous cropping, and was significantly higher than that in the soil of crop rotation and 3-year continuous cropping. As for the number of actinomyces in the soil, the following order was found ： crop rotation〉 continuous cropping for 3 years〉 continuous cropping for 6 years ; at resettling stage〉 at vigorous growth stage〉 in mature period. There were significant differences in some physical characteristics of flue-cured tobacco （ such as filling value, leaf thickness, ten- sion stress, specific weight of leaf and stem ratio） between crop rotation and 3-year continuous cropping, but the other indexes had no significant difference. As for the chemical properties of flue-cured tobacco, sugar-nicotine ratio, nitrogen-nicotine ratio, ratio of potassium to chlorine, and Schmuck value showed the sequence of crop rotation 〉 continuous cropping for 6 years 〉 continuous crop- ping for 3 years, they were all in the appropriate range, and their coordination in crop rotation treatment was better than that in con- tinuous cropping treatment. The total amount of neutral aroma components （ excluding neophytadiene） showed crop rotation 〉 contin- uous cropping for 6 years 〉 continuous cropping for 3 years.

关 键 词：烤烟 连作 微生物数量 烟叶品质 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]