背角无齿蚌净化养殖水体中的重金属  

Purification effect of swan mussels Anodonta woodiana on heavy metals for fishpond water

作　　者：陈修报[1] 刘洪波[1] 苏彦平[1] 戈贤平[1] 杨健[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心中国水产科学研究院长江中下游渔业生态环境评价和资源养护重点实验室,无锡214081

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2015年第12期5714-5720,共7页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系大宗淡水鱼产业技术体系专项(CARS-46);国家自然科学基金资助项目(31072214);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(2013JBFR05)

摘　　要：通过建立微型生态系统,研究不同养殖密度和处理时间的背角无齿蚌(Anodonta woodiana)对大宗淡水鱼养殖池塘水体中重金属的净化效果。结果显示,背角无齿蚌对重金属的净化效果受到处理时间和养殖密度的显著影响(P<0.05)。其对Mn、Cu、As和Cd的影响总体不明显,Ba的含量增加(P<0.05),然而能够显著降低Al、Cr、Fe、Ni、Zn和Mo的含量(P<0.05),最大去除率分别为63.0%、78.0%、12.7%、100%、80.6%和4.8%,而且响应优化分析显示,蚌养殖密度和处理时间的配比分别为31 ind./m^3和22.77 d、40 ind./m^3和19.78 d时,对Cr和Zn的去除率可提升至80.3%和81.8%。本研究表明背角无齿蚌有潜力用于养鱼水体重金属的净化。Microcosm experiments were conducted to determinate the purification of Anodonta woodiana on heavy metals of pond water of conventional freshwater fish,and to study the effect of mussel systems by different densities and treatment times. The results showed that purifying effect of A. woodiana was significantly affected by culture density and treatment time（ P〈0. 05）. They almost had no significant effect on Mn,Cu,As,or Cd,but increased Ba concentration. However,they could significantly decrease the concentrations of Al,Cr,Fe,Ni,Zn,and Mo（ P〈0. 05）,and the highest removal efficiencies for them were 63. 0%,78. 0%,12. 7%,100%,80. 6%,and 4. 8%,respectively. Furthermore,analysis of response optimization showed that the removal efficiencies for Cr and Zn could possibly be elevated to 80. 3% and 81. 8%,respectively,if the mussel systems are assigned at density-time as 31 ind./m^3,22. 77 d,and 40 ind./m^3,19. 78 d. The present study suggests that A. woodiana can be effectively utilized as a purification approach for aquatic heavy metals.

关 键 词：背角无齿蚌 养殖密度 处理时间 养鱼水体 重金属 净化效果 

分 类 号：S959[农业科学—水产养殖]