软模板法碳电极制备及在废水脱盐中的应用  

Preparation of carbon electrode by soft template method and its application in wastewater desalination

作　　者：蔡文波[1] 李桂菊[1] 刘笑研[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津科技大学环境科学工程系天津市海洋资源与化学重点实验室,天津300457

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2015年第12期5927-5933,共7页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

摘　　要：采用软模板法制备中孔炭电极,利用比表面及孔径分析仪、循环伏安法对自行制备的电极与市售进口电极的性能指标进行表征,比较二者的性能差异;探讨施加电压、进液流量和进液电导率等因素对电吸附效果的影响,确定最佳操作条件,并分别用两种等面积的电极处理含盐废水,进行脱盐性能的比较。研究结果表明,采用软模板法制备的碳电极,其BET比表面积1 517 m^2/g,最可几孔径2.04 nm,平均孔径3.36 nm,比电容50.13 F/g。实验装置安装一对电极,电极面积共400 cm^2,电吸附的最佳操作条件为施加电压1.2 V、进水流量30 m L/min,Na Cl浓度664 mg/L(电导率1 000μS/cm),对含盐废水电导率的去除率为57.80%,对Na Cl的饱和吸附量为7.03 mg/g。自制电极对废水中的TDS的吸附量为9.96 mg/g,高于市售进口电极,总硬度的去除率高于市售进口电极40%左右。The mesoporous carbon electrode was prepared by soft-template method. The performance indexes of the self-prepared electrode and the commercially available imported electrode were characterized by specific surface area and pore size analyzer and cyclic voltammetry to compare the performance difference of the two electrodes. The influencing factors of electro-adsorption effect were discussed such as the applied voltage,liquid inlet flow rate and liquid inlet conductivity of Na Cl to determine the optimum operating conditions. Then two electrodes of the same size were applied to treat salinity wastewater to compare the desalination performance. The results showed that the specific surface area of the electrode that was prepared by soft-template method was 1 517m-2/g,its most probable pore size was 2. 04 nm,its average pore size was 3. 36 nm and its specific capacitance was 50. 13 F/g. A pair of electrodes with a total area 400 cm^2 was installed in the experimental device. The optimum operating conditions of electro-adsorption were achieved under applied voltage of 1. 2 V,liquid inlet flow rate of 30 mL/min and influent Na Cl concentration of 664 mg/L（ conductivity of 1 000 μS/cm）. At the moment the conductivity removal rate of ions for a pair of electrodes was 57. 80% and the saturated adsorption capacity of Na Cl was 7. 03 mg/g. With comparison,the adsorption capacity of TDS in the wastewater by the selfprepared electrode was 9. 96 mg/g,which was higher than the commercially available imported electrode and the removal rate of total hardness for the self-prepared electrode was almost 40% higher than the commercially available imported electrode.

关 键 词：中孔炭 电吸附 电极制备 脱盐 

分 类 号：TQ424.19[化学工程]