新手咨询师的督导体验  

Novice counselor's supervisory experience

作　　者：王伟[1] 贾晓明[2] 张明[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京建筑工程学院文法学院,北京100044 [2]北京理工大学人文与社会科学学院,北京100081 [3]北京工商大学,北京100048

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2015年第12期901-907,共7页Chinese Mental Health Journal

基　　金：北京市社会科学基金研究基地项目(14JDSHC001)

摘　　要：目的:探讨新手咨询师在接受督导的过程中所感受到的好的和不好的体验,以及这些体验所带来的影响。方法:运用定性研究中的深度访谈法对6名接受完1年督导的新手咨询师进行回溯访谈,访谈主要聚焦于新手咨询师在督导过程中所感受到的好的和不好的事件,也包括这些好的和不好的事件对新手咨询师学习的影响,采用内容分析法对访谈的录音逐字稿进行分析。结果:新手咨询师好的被督导体验包含感受到来自督导师的情感支持、咨询师被督导师的个人特质所打动、咨询师获得了专业知识、督导的结构化和良好的督导关系;新手咨询师不好的被督导体验主要是督导设置和督导关系所带来的不好体验。新手咨询师好的被督导体验对她们有正面、积极的影响,大部分不好的督导体验对新手咨询师的专业学习反而有正面的影响,但督导同盟不够坚固的不好的学习体验,对新手咨询师有负面的影响。结论:新手咨询师好的被督导体验主要体现在情感的支持这个方面,影响较大的不好的被督导体验体现在督导关系的破坏,在督导同盟坚固的情况下无论好的还是不好的被督导体验对新手咨询师的专业学习与成长都有帮助。Objective： To explore the good and bad supervisory experiences of novice counselors and the im- pact of these experiences. Methods： This article was conducted as a series of in-depth interviews of qualitative re- search with six novice counselors after one year supervision ended. Thematically, the interviews focused on specific examples of good and bad supervisory events, and also included how the good and bad experiences influenced on the novice counselors＇learning. Content analysis was used to analyze the manuscript. Results： The novice counselors＂ good supervisory experience included ＂the emotion support from supervisors＂, ＂touched by supervisors＂ personal traits＂, ＂acquired the knowledge of psychotherapy＂, ＂structuring of supervision＂, and ＂good supervisory relation- ship＂. The novice counselors＇bad supervisory experience was due to the supervisory setting and supervisory relation- ship. The novice counselors＂ good supervisory experience had positive impact on them. However, to some novice counselors, seemingly frustrating supervisory experience turned out to be very helpful. But the bad experience which destroyed supervisory alliance was harmful to novice counselors. Conclusions： The novice counselors＂ good supervi- sory experience is mainly from supervisors＇emotion support. The negative supervisory experience is due to the de-stroyed of supervisory relationship. Under the circumstances of good supervisory alliance, both good and bad super- visory experience is helpful to novice counselors＂ learning.

关 键 词：新手咨询师 督导 体验 定性研究 

分 类 号：B849.1[哲学宗教—应用心理学]