水稻秸秆液化物制备聚氨酯泡沫的研究  

Preparation of Polyurethane Foam from Liquefied Rice Straw

作　　者：王万雨[1] 王敦[1] 张玉苍[1] 

机构地区：[1]海南大学材料与化工学院,海南海口570228

出　　处：《林产化学与工业》2015年第6期78-82,共5页Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51263006);海南省重点项目(ZDXM20130086);海南省自然科学基金资助项目(314074)

摘　　要：以聚乙二醇400与丙三醇为混合液化剂,浓硫酸为催化剂,对水稻秸秆进行液化,并对水稻秸秆液化产物制备的聚氨酯泡沫进一步分析,讨论了异氰酸根指数、发泡剂水的用量、催化剂比例及硅油用量对聚氨酯泡沫性能的影响。实验结果表明:以水稻秸秆液化产物10 g和异氰酸酯(PAPI)为原料,水作发泡剂最佳用量为稻杆液化物质量的2%,三乙烯二胺和辛酸亚锡为复合催化剂,最佳用量比为0.1∶0.3(g∶g),水溶性硅油为泡沫稳定剂,最佳用量为液化物质量的4%,异氰酸根指数为1.2,此条件下制备的聚氨酯(PU)泡沫材料,其性能良好,泡沫的密度为35.78 kg/m3,拉伸强度为222.60 kP a,压缩强度为110.90 kP a,TGA分析结果也表明水稻秸秆基聚氨酯泡沫具有良好的耐热性,其初始分解温度为241℃,最快分解温度为420℃。The rice straw was liquefied by using polyethylene glycol 400 and glycerol as mixed liquefier and concentrated sulfuric acid as catalyst. And this liquefied rice straw was employed to prepare the polyurethane （PU） foam, and followed by a characterization of its structure and performance. The effects of isocyanate index, water content, the proportion of the catalyst, and the amount of silicone oil on properties of the PU foam were studied. The results showed that the PU foam can be prepared with good properties by using the liquefied rice straw and isocyanate （PAPI） as raw materials, under the optimum condition, namely, 2% weight content of water against the mass of the liquefied rice straw, triethylenediamine and stannous octoate composite catalysts with the weight ratio of O. 1：0.3 （g： g） ,4% silicone oil as foam stabilizer against liquid agent and the isocyanate index of 1. 2. And the properties of these PU foam i. e. the density, the tensile strength and the compressive strength were 35.78 kg/m^3 , 222.60 kPa, 110.90 kPa, respectively. TGA analysis indicated that rice straw-based PU foam had good heat resistance with the initial decomposition temperature of 241 ℃ and the most rapid decomposing temperature of 420 ℃.

关 键 词：水稻秸秆 液化产物 聚氨酯泡沫 

分 类 号：TQ35[化学工程]