基于二维浅水模拟的河道滩地洪水淹没研究  

Study on Flood Submergence of River Beaches Based on Two-dimensional Numerical Simulations of Shallow Water Flow

作　　者：许栋[1] 徐彬[1] 白玉川[1] 符传君 李龙兵 

机构地区：[1]天津大学水利工程仿真与安全国家重点实验室,天津300072 [2]海南省水文水资源勘测局,海南海口570203

出　　处：《水文》2015年第6期1-5,23,共6页Journal of China Hydrology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金创新研究群体项目(51021004);国家自然科学基金项目(51379144);天津市应用基础与前沿技术研究计划(12JCQNJC05600;12JCQNJC02600)

摘　　要：提出了一种河道滩地洪水淹没分析的多分辨率处理方法。该方法首先利用有限元数值求解二维浅水方程,模拟河道水流运动,并利用干湿判断处理河道动边界,获得不同流量情况下的河道水面线沿程变化;然后以水面线切割河道滩地高精度DEM(数字高程)地形,利用图像分割及区域生长法识别陆域和水域。该方法实际应用于南渡江下游河口段的滩地洪水淹没分析,有效将二维浅水模拟的低分辨率网格(10m精度)和局部滩地高分辨率地形(2m精度)结合,获得了高精度的淹没范围计算结果。A multi-resolution treatment method for the analysis of flood submergence of river beaches was ad- vanced. With this method, the flow in rivers was simulated by solving the two-dimensional water equation using finite element method. Drying and wetting judgement was adopted for treatment of the dynamic boundary of river channels. The water surface elevations corresponding to various flow rates were obtained by simulations. The surface was used to split the high-resolution DEM （digital elevation model） topography. Image segmentation and region growing methods were used to recognize the wet and dry areas. This method was used in practice for the estuary section of downstream Nandujiang River, during which the low resolution （10m） two-dimensional shallow water numerical simulations were effectively combined with the high resolution local topography （2m）. In this way, high precision computations were obtained for the submerged area.

关 键 词：二维浅水 数值模拟 淹没范围 动边界 

分 类 号：TV122.9[水利工程—水文学及水资源]