基因组定向编辑技术的专利概述及其对高校创新创业教育的启示  

Overview of patents on targeted genome editing technologies and their implications for innovation and entrepreneurship education in universities

作　　者：樊祥宇[1,2] 林燕萍[1] 廖国建[3] 谢建平[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学生命科学学院,三峡库区生态环境与生物资源省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地,三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,现代生物医药研究所,重庆北碚400715 [2]济南大学生物科学与技术学院,济南250022 [3]西南大学药学院,现代生物医药研究所,重庆北碚400715

出　　处：《遗传》2015年第12期1258-1262,共5页Hereditas（Beijing)

基　　金：重庆市教委研究生教改项目“全球视野高层次人才培养的区域性跨院校支撑平台”(编号:YJG123104);重庆市教委研究生优质课程《高级微生物学》;西南大学本科生教改项目(编号:2013JY201);教育部新世纪优秀人才资助计划(编号:NCET-11-0703);国家自然科学基金(编号:81371851,81071316,81271882,81301394);中央高校基本科研业务费(编号:XDJK2011D006,XDJK2012D011,XDJK2012D007,XDJK2013D003,XDJK2014D040)资助

摘　　要：锌指核酸酶(Zinc finger nucleases,ZFN)、转录激活子样效应因子核酸酶(Transcription activator-like effector nucleases,TALEN)和成簇规律间隔短回文重复序列(Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats,CRISPR)/Cas9核酸酶是三个主要的基因组定向编辑技术。它们在基因功能研究、物种改造和疾病预防与基因治疗等各个领域都有重大科学研究及应用价值。每个技术背后都有过和有着激烈的知识产权归属之争。本文归纳总结这三大基因组定向编辑技术的知识产权,以期为研发具有自主知识产权的基因组编辑工具提供一些借鉴,也为现阶段高校创新创业教育提供启示。Zinc finger nuclease, transcription activator-like effector nuclease, and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/Cas9 nuclease are important targeted genome editing technologies. They have great significance in scientific research and applications on aspects of functional genomics research, species improvement, dis-ease prevention and gene therapy. There are past or ongoing disputes over ownership of the intellectual property behind every technology. In this review, we summarize the patents on these three targeted genome editing technologies in order to provide some reference for developing genome editing technologies with self-owned intellectual property rights and some implications for current innovation and entrepreneurship education in universities.

关 键 词：ZFN TALEN CRISPR/Cas 知识产权 

分 类 号：Q78-4[生物学—分子生物学] G642[文化科学—高等教育学]