非洲凤仙根尖染色体制片技术及细胞学研究  

Chromosome Technique of Root Tips and Cytological Study in Impatiens walleriana Hook.f.

作　　者：孔红[1] 王宝增[1] 马建军[1] 姚虹[1] 纪鑫蕊 

机构地区：[1]廊坊师范学院生命科学学院,河北廊坊065000

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2015年第21期5324-5326,共3页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河北省教育厅重点研究项目(ZD20131044)

摘　　要：对非洲凤仙（Impatiens walleriana Hook.f.）进行染色体研究,旨在为多倍体育种提供细胞学资料.以非洲凤仙根尖为材料,采用常规压片法制片,光学显微镜观察染色体. 结果表明,根尖8：00～9：00取材、在4℃下0.002 mol/L的8-羟基喹啉预处理2 h的处理组合效果最佳. 间期核由一些大大小小的染色较深的异染色质颗粒构成,间期核属于前染色体型. 前期染色体由染色较深的异固缩节段和染色较浅的常染色质节段相间排列而成,较多地分布于细胞中央,前期染色体属于渐变型. 中期染色体数目2n=16,为二倍体.核型公式为：2n=2x=16=14m＋2sm,其中第一对为近中部着丝点染色体,其余均为中部着丝点染色体,未观察到随体. 最长染色体与最短染色体的比值为1.56,臂比大于2的染色体占12.5%,核型属2A型,核型不对称系数为54.8%,为对称的核型. 该种的核型为首次报道.In order to provide necessary cytology information on polyploid breeding,the cytology of Impatiens walleriana Hook.f. had been studied by the conventional squashing method. The results showed that the optional root sampling time was 8：00～9：00, 0.002 mol/L 8-Hydroxyquinoline for 2 h at 4℃ had better effect; the interphase nuclei and prophase chromosomes were found to be of the prochromosome type and the interstitial type, respectively. The number of the somatic chromosome was 16, and it was diploid. The karyotype formulae was 2n=2x=16=14m＋2sm. The first pair of chromosomes were submetacentric, and oth-ers were metacentric, there was no observed satellite. The ratio of chromosome length, i.e., ratio of the length of the longest chromosome to that of the shortest one was 1.56. The percentage of chromosome with arm ratio beyond 2 was 12.5%. The karyotype was 2A and the AsK was 54.8%. The karyotype was reported for the first time.

关 键 词：非洲凤仙(Impatiens walleriana Hook.f.) 细胞学 染色体 核型 染色体制片 

分 类 号：S681.1[农业科学—观赏园艺] Q343.2[农业科学—园艺学]