喷射沉积制备SiC_P/Al复合材料及冶金缺陷消除研究进展  

Status of spray deposition and metallurgical defect elimination for SiC_P/Al composites

作　　者：贺毅强[1] 周海生[1] 李俊杰[1] 陈志钢[2] 

机构地区：[1]淮海工学院机械工程学院,连云港222005 [2]湖南科技大学机电学院,湘潭411201

出　　处：《塑性工程学报》2015年第6期152-160,共9页Journal of Plasticity Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51004050);江苏省自然科学基金资助项目(BK20141250);江苏省高校自然科学研究面上资助项目(14KJB430005);江苏省海洋资源开发研究院开放基金资助项目(JSIMR201222);连云港市科技攻关项目(CG1418);连云港市产学研联合项目(CXY1404)

摘　　要：喷射沉积SiCP/Al复合材料有着广阔的应用前景,但因孔隙、沉积颗粒边界、氧化等冶金缺陷无法完全消除而受限,发展全致密化技术和消除冶金缺陷对于提高复合材料的性能,拓展其应用尤为重要。文章综述了颗粒增强铝基复合材料、喷射沉积技术的发展现状和制约因素;论述了喷射沉积颗粒增强铝基复合材料的致密化技术,着重介绍了楔形压制工艺、陶粒轧制、旋球同步致密化和大塑性变形工艺;展望了喷射沉积铝基复合材料的的发展趋势,提出针对SiC颗粒的开裂,采用较小粒度(3μm^5μm)的SiC颗粒来增强、防止因SiC颗粒开裂导致过早失效;针对基体内部孔洞和沉积颗粒之间的氧化膜导致的失效,通过适当增大沉积颗粒尺寸降低表面氧化,并采用旋球同步致密减少坯料孔隙,降低坯料沉积坯中的氧含量,再通过往复镦-挤和等径角挤压等大塑性变形实现沉积颗粒间的完全冶金结合;针对SiC-Al界面的脱粘,通过SiC颗粒表面的预氧化适当增加SiC颗粒与Al基体之间的结合强度。Spray deposited SiCP/Al matrix composite has an extensive application prospect for its excellent performances,while its application is limited by its residul pores,boundary between deposited particles and oxidization which can not be fully eliminated.Therefore,development of full density technologies and metallurgical defect elimination of the spray deposited Al matrix composite are significant in improving the performance and expand the application range of the composite.The research status and constraints of Al-matrix composite reinforced with particles and spray deposition technology are summarized.The densification technologies of spray deposited Al matrix composite reinforced with particles are introduced,especially novel methods such as wedge pressing,ceramic rolling,rotary ball synchronous densification during spray depositing process and severe plastic deformation are recommended.The developing trends of multi-layer spray deposited aluminum matrix composites are presented.It is considered that small SiC particles（3μm^5μm）should be adopted to prevent from premature failure because of SiC particle fracture during deformation.With respect to failure resulting from pores and oxidation film between deposited particles,the deposited particles should be enlarged to reduce surface oxidation,and rotary ball synchronous densification technology can be used to reduce pores and oxygen content of deposited billet.Severe plastic deformation technology such as Repetitive Upsetting and Extrusion and multi-pass Equal Channel Angular Pressing can be employed to obtain full metallurgical bonding between deposited particles.With respect to debonding of SiC-Al interface,the pre-oxidation of SiC particles can be employed to improve bonding between SiC particle and Al matrix properly.

关 键 词：喷射沉积 铝基复合材料 颗粒增强 致密化 冶金缺陷消除 

分 类 号：TG146.2[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]