结构尺寸对二级节流阀空化流动特性的影响  

Effects of structural sizes on characteristics of cavitating flows in a two-step throttle valve

作　　者：刘秀梅[1,2,3] 贺杰[1] 龙正[1] 李文华[1] 李贝贝[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学机电工程学院,江苏徐州221116 [2]浙江大学流体动力与机电系统国家重点实验室,杭州310027 [3]中国矿业大学江苏省矿山机电装备重点实验室,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2015年第23期143-148,共6页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51209203;51309221;51205391);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK2012131);浙江大学流体动力与机电系统国家重点实验室(GZKF-201317);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目;江苏省第三批高校优秀中青年教师和校长赴境外研修项目

摘　　要：节流阀口的形式以及结构尺寸直接影响节流阀的性能,因此阀口结构形式选择及其设计是很重要的。通过数值模拟的方法研究了二级节流口尺寸不同对阀内空化流场、流速以及空化区域的影响。研究结果表明:二级节流阀内上游腔的拐角处、二级节流口中间腔的近壁面区域、阀芯的顶部、节流口下游的近壁面区域存在四个回流区。随着阀口尺寸m、n的改变,阀内回流区位置几乎不变,但是回流区面积大小会发生改变。但是m=2,n=1时二级节流阀具有较好的抗空蚀特性。研究结论为工程人员设计高性能液压阀提供了理论依据。The shape and structural sizes of throttle valve port have a direct impact on the characteristics of cavitating flows in a two-step throttle,so it is important to choose and design the right form of the throttle valve port.Here,the effects of different port sizes on cavitation flow field,flow velocity and cavitation area in a throttle valve were investigated using CFD to choose the best combination of port sizes and choke sizes. The numerical results showed that there are four vortexes located at upstream of the flow channel,the wall of the middle section of two-port valves,the top of valve rod,and downstream of the flow channel; with the change of port size of m and n,the positions of vortex in a twostep valve are almost the same,but their areas change; however,if m = 2,n = 1,the two-step throttle valve has a better structure with an anti-cavitation performance. The results provided a theoretical basis for engineers to design a highperformance throttle valve.

关 键 词：节流阀 阀口 开度 阀口尺寸 

分 类 号：TH137[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] O359[理学—流体力学]