5073例血液系统药物相关药品不良反应报告分析  

Analysis of 5073 ADR Reports Associated with Hematological System Drugs

作　　者：谭潇[1,2] 陈超[1] 郭代红[1] 赵粟裕 李德东[1] 徐元杰[1] 马亮[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军总医院药品保障中心,北京100853 [2]解放军第401医院药剂科

出　　处：《药物流行病学杂志》2015年第12期720-724,共5页Chinese Journal of Pharmacoepidemiology

基　　金：2014全军后勤科研计划重点项目(编号:BWS14R039)

摘　　要：目的：分析血液系统药物相关药品不良反应（ADR）的发生特点,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法：采用回顾性分析方法,对解放军药品不良反应监测中心数据库2009~2014年血液系统药物相关ADR报告进行统计分析。结果：5073例ADR报告中,男女比例为1.31∶1,平均年龄（51.4±19.2）岁,青年（31.45%）和中年（28.92%）患者为主;单一药引发占81.27%;抗血小板药（41.24%）、促凝血药（31.20%）、血浆及血浆代用品（11.47%）引起ADR位列前三位;注射剂占比88.76%;静脉滴注（77.86%）为主要给药途径;前列地尔（25.26%）,氨甲环酸（22.42%）,右旋糖酐40（6.63%）位列引起ADR单品种前三位;ADR导致消化系统（28.69%）,心血管系统（22.51%）、皮肤及附件（16.51%）损害列为前三位,临床表现多见恶心、呕吐、静脉炎、皮疹等;新的及严重的ADR临床表现多见血压异常,过敏性休克等。结论：血液系统药物的合理使用需重视,应加强ADR监测以防范或规避相关用药风险。Objective： To analyze the characteristics of adverse drug reaction（ ADR） related to hematological system drugs and provide references for the clinical rational drug use. Methods： The ADR reports of hematological system drugs were collected from 2009 to 2014 in the database of PLA ADR monitoring center and analyzed retrospectively. Results： Among the 5 073 ADR cases,the male to female ratio was 1. 31∶ 1,the average age was（ 51. 4 ± 19. 2） years,mainly in young people（ 31. 45%） and middle-aged（ 28. 92%）,and with a single drug cause（ 81. 27%）. The top three of suspected drugs were antiplatelet drugs（ 41. 24%）,promote blood clotting drugs（ 31. 20%） and plasma and plasma substitute（ 11. 47%）. Injection accounted for 88. 76%. Intravenous drip（ 78. 56%） was the main route of administration.Alprostadil（ 25. 26%）,tranexamic acid（ 22. 42%）,and dextran 40（ 6. 63%） were the top three among suspected drugs.ADRs mainly involved the digestive system damage（ 28. 69%）,cardiovascular system damage（ 22. 51%） and the skin and its appendages damage（ 16. 51%）. Main manifestations of ADRs were nausea,vomiting,phlebitis,rash and so on. Main manifestation of new and severe ADRs were abnormal blood pressure and anaphylactic shock. Conclusion： The rational use of hematological system drugs needs attention. ADR monitoring should be strengthened in order to prevent or avoid medication-related risks.

关 键 词：药品不良反应 血液系统 回顾性分析 合理用药 

分 类 号：R969.3[医药卫生—药理学]