水体化学要素对分叉小猛水蚤(Tisbe furcata)和小拟哲水蚤(Paracalanus parvus)室内养殖种群密度的影响  

Effects of water chemical elements on population density of Tisbe furcata and Paracalanus parvus under indoor breeding conditions

作　　者：王凯[1] 李坤明[1] 洋雯 李敏[1] 吕德亮[1] 林强[2] 

机构地区：[1]鲁东大学农学院,山东烟台264025 [2]中国科学院热带海洋生物资源与生态重点实验室中国科学院南海海洋研究所,广州510301

出　　处：《生态科学》2015年第6期105-110,共6页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(81302233);鲁东大学科研启动基金(ZR2013CM026)

摘　　要：以分叉小猛水蚤(Tisbe furcata)和小拟哲水蚤(Paracalanus parvus)为研究对象,对比室内养殖条件下两种桡足类的种群密度差异,并分析水体化学要素亚硝态氮、硝态氮、氨氮和磷酸盐与桡足类种群密度的关系。结果表明:分叉小猛水蚤较小拟哲水蚤种群密度优势明显(P<0.01),更适合北方室内养殖,盐度可能起主要作用;水体亚硝态氮最为重要,在桡足类种群的快速增长期,其浓度与两种桡足类的种群密度均呈极显著正相关性;水体磷酸盐浓度与两种桡足类的种群密度均呈极显著正相关性;通过部分换水的方式可以实现分叉小猛水蚤的可持续培养,换水量不要超过水体总量的1/3;本研究所采用复合饲料和养殖方式可以实现分叉小猛水蚤的北方室内大规模、高密度和可持续养殖。Tisbefurcata and Paracalanus parvus were cultured indoor in cement pools in teaching and researching base of Ludong University in Yantai, China. The population densities of the two copepod species were compared under same aquaculture conditions. Then the relationships between population density and water chemical elements, nitrite, nitrate, ammonia nitrogen and phosphate were analyzed. The results showed that the population density of Tisbe furcata was significantly higher than that of Paracalanus parvus （P〈0.01）, which suggested that Tisbefurcata was more suitable for indoor aquaculture in Northern China and salinity attributed to this result; as a limited factor for growth, nitrite represented the most important factor, and it was positively correlated with copepods population density during the rapid growth period. The concentration of the phosphate was also positively correlated with the copepods population density; sustainable aquaculture of Tisbe furcata in high density could be achieved by partially changing water. The quantity of water exchange should not exceed 1/3 of the total water. The compound feeds and breeding way used in present research could achieve the goal of indoor, large-scale, high density aquaculture of Tisbefurcata.

关 键 词：分叉小猛水蚤 小拟哲水蚤 桡足类 水体化学要素 种群密度 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程]