神经外科术后患者下肢深静脉血栓形成原因分析及其护理对策探讨  

Cause analysis and nursing countermeasures of the deep venous thrombosis forma-tion of lower limbs after neurosurgical operation

作　　者：马官英[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军总医院神经外科一病区,100853

出　　处：《国际护理学杂志》2015年第22期3044-3046,共3页international journal of nursing

摘　　要：目的：探讨神经外科术后患者下肢深静脉血栓的形成原因及预防方法，并研究相关护理对策，以促进患者预后。方法对本医院从2011年4月至2013年4月所接收治疗并接受手术治疗的患者658例，其中包括并发下肢深静脉血栓患者102例进行回顾性分析，比较并发下肢静脉血栓与未发生下肢静脉血栓的患者性别、年龄、有无并发症、意识障碍与否、偏瘫与否、体重指数正常与否，总结出神经外科手术患者发生静脉血栓的原因并提出相关护理措施。结果发生下肢静脉血栓患者年龄显著高于未发生静脉血栓的患者（ P〈0.05）；合并有高血压、糖尿病等疾病的患者较易发生下肢静脉血栓（ P〈0.05）；偏瘫、意识障碍、肥胖也是造成神经外科手术患者发生下肢深静脉血栓的原因。结论下肢深静脉血栓是神经外科手术患者常见并发症之一，了解其形成原因并采取有效的护理对策能够降低该并发症的发病概率，提高患者生活质量。Objective To explore the causes and prevention measures of deep venous thrombosis and study the nursing countermeasures in order to promote the patients＇ rehabilitation. Methods A total of 658 patients who were giv- en surgeries in our hospital from April 2012 to April 2013 , including 102 patients of deep venous thrombosis who were selected and carried out a retrospective sampling survey. The gender, age, whether suffered complications or not, wheth- er had conscious or not, paralyzed or not , whether had the normal weights or not between the patients with and without venous thrombosis of lower limbs were compared. The causes of the venous thrombosis of the neurosurgical patients was summed up and the relevant nursing measures were pointed out. Results The age of the patients of deep venous throm- bosis was significantly higher than that of the patients without venous thrombosis （ P〈0. 05 ）;patients who had hyperten- sion, diabetes and other diseases were more prone to deep venous thrombosis （ P〈0. 05 ）; paralysis, unconsciousness and obesity were also the reasons of deep venous thrombosis of the neurosurgery patients. Conclusion Deep venous thrombosis is one of the common complications for patients who have taken the neurological surgeries. The incidence of the complications can be reduced and the quality of life of the patients can be improved as well if we find out the causes and carry out the effective countermeasures.

关 键 词：下肢深静脉血栓 神经外科 手术治疗 形成原因 护理对策 

分 类 号：R473.74[医药卫生—护理学]