阀门后盖带压钻孔更换主控阀门技术及其现场试验  

A new technology for replacing master valves under pressure by drilling through back bonnet and its field test

作　　者：杨青松[1] 张耀刚[1] 吕江[1] 刘露[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油长庆油田公司第一采气厂

出　　处：《天然气工业》2015年第12期71-76,共6页Natural Gas Industry

摘　　要：针对鄂尔多斯盆地靖边气田部分气井主控阀门存在阀板脱落、丝杆断裂等现象而无法开井生产的问题,考虑气井平行闸板阀门结构特点、阀板材质、气体的系统温度和压力等因素,通过理论计算分析和大量的室内模拟试验,提出了阀门后盖带压钻孔+更换主控阀门的新的技术思路,即通过钻穿阀门后盖,顶开阀板,形成通道后实施带压更换闸阀作业。为此,开展了大量的试验研究,并取得了以下成果:①优化了阀门后盖预钻孔尺寸,制定了合理的带压钻孔程序,并设计开发了一套专门的阀门后盖钻孔装置;②系统地对钻孔装置和钻孔程序的可靠性进行了实验验证和完善,确保了该技术在靖边气田现场的成功试验。现场试验结果表明,与压井更换主控阀门工艺相比,该项技术作业过程安全平稳,具有施工周期短、安全环保、不污染地层等优点,为气井主控阀门带压钻孔更换提供了新方法,也为气井安全生产提供了技术保障。In the Jingbian Gas Field, Ordos Basin, some gas wells are out of work due to valve plate dropout and screw rod breakage of master valves. Based on structural characteristics and valve plate materials of gas-well parallel slide valves and system temperature and pressure of gas, a new technology for replacing master valves under pressure by drilling through back bonnet was developed after theoretical calculation and analysis and a large number of indoor simulation tests, namely, the valve plate is opened by drilling its back bonnet, and then a pathway is formed, so slide valves can be replaced under pressure. Therefore, the following achievements were obtained based upon the numerous lab simulation experiments. First, the size of the hole to be drilled on the back bonnet was optimized, a reasonable under-pressure drilling program was worked out, and a set of equipments were specially developed for drill- ing back bonnets. Second, the reliability of the drilling equipment and process was systematically verified and perfected on the basis of laboratory simulation experiments, so that this technology was successfully tested on site in the Jingbian Gas Field. Based on field tests, this new technology is better than the kill-type master valve replacing technology and it is characterized by safe and stable op- eration, short construction period, safety and environmental protection, and no strata contamination. This technology not only pro- vides a new method to drill and replace master valves under pressure, but guarantees safe production of gas wells.

关 键 词：气井 安全隐患 采气树 带压 钻孔 主控阀门更换 安全生产 鄂尔多斯盆地 靖边气田 

分 类 号：TE931[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]