女性性工作者个人特征对计划行为理论各要素的影响  

Effect of personal characteristics of female sex workers on each element of the theory of planned behavior

作　　者：孙刘芳 张磊[1] 杨璐[1] 孙奕[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院,湖北武汉430000

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2015年第36期6579-6582,共4页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

基　　金：2008年国家防治艾滋病社会动员经费项目(08-Ⅱ-13)

摘　　要：目的探讨女性性工作者（Female sex workers,FSWs）的个人特征、健康相关因素对计划行为理论（Theory of Planned Behavior,TPB）五要素的影响。方法运用TPB设计问卷,对2009年7月-2010年6月武汉市和随州市低档场所的FSWs进行面对面的问卷调查,内容包括个人特征、健康相关因素及与安全套使用行为相关的TPB五要素;对TPB五要素情况与个人特征、健康相关因素进行χ^2检验,计算OR值。结果最近1个月商业性行为安全套使用率为74.93%（272/363）。与〉25岁年龄段比较,≤25岁的FSWs更倾向使用安全套,差异有统计学意义（χ^2=7.32,P=0.007）;与初中及以下文化程度比较,高中及以上文化程度的FSWs更倾向使用安全套,差异有统计学意义（χ^2=3.88,P=0.049）;与无其他工作经验的FSWs比较,有其他工作经验的FSWs更倾向于使用安全套,差异有统计学意义（χ^2=27.23,P〈0.000）;与从业时间〉1年比较,从业时间≤1年的FSWs在商业性性行为过程中更倾向于使用安全套,差异有统计学意义（χ^2=30.31,P〈0.000）,做过流产与未做过流产比较,近半年做过妇科检查与未妇科检查比较,抽血检查与未抽血比较,差异均有统计学意义（χ^2=23.58,P〈0.000;χ^2=6.94,P〈0.008;χ^2=32.19,P〈0.000）。文化程度（OR=2.92,95%CI=1.71~4.99）、是否有过其他工作经验（OR=5.76,95%CI=3.06~10.85）、从业时间（OR=0.19,95%CI=0.11~0.33）是知觉行为控制的影响因素,是否做过流产（OR=1.77,95%CI=1.11~2.82）、妇科检查（OR=6.26,95%CI=3.38~11.58）及抽血检查（OR=2.30,95%CI=1.38~3.83）与知觉行为控制之间呈相关性。结论个人特征及健康相关因素除直接作用于行为外,还会通过影响TPB的各要素间接作用于行为,在应用TPB理论进行该人群的安全套使用行为分析或制定干预措施时,应考虑研究对象的内部一致性。Objective To explore the effects of personal characteristics and health- related factors of female sex workers（ FSWs）on five elements of the theory of planned behavior（ TPB）. Methods A TPB questionnaire was used to conduct a face- to- face survey among the FSWs in ＇lowtier＇ places of Wuhan city and Suizhou city from July 2009 to June 2010,the survey contents included personal characteristics,health- related factors,and condom use behavior- related five elements of TPB. χ~2test was performed to analyze five elements of TPB,personal characteristics,and health- related factors,odds ratio（ OR） was calculated. Results The usage rate of condoms during commercial sex in recent one month was 74. 93%（ 272 /363）. Compared with the FSWs more than 25 years old,the FSWs aged 25 years old or under 25 years old were more likely to use condoms,there was statistically significant difference（ χ^2= 7. 32,P = 0. 007）; compared with the FSWs at junior high school level or below,the FSWs at senior high school level or above were more likely to use condoms,there was statistically significant difference（ χ^2= 3. 88,P = 0. 049）; compared with the FSWs without other work experience,the FSWs with other work experience were more likely to use condoms, there was statistically significant difference（ χ^2= 27. 23,P〈0. 000）; compared with the FSWs working for more than one year,the FSWs working for one year or less than one year were more likely to use condoms,there was statistically significant difference（ χ^2= 30. 31,P〈0. 000）; there were statistically significant differences in the usage rate of condoms between the FSWs having abortion history,gynecological examination history within half a year,blood examination history and the FSWs not having the above- mentioned situations（ χ^2= 23. 58,P〈0. 000; χ^2= 6. 94,P〈0. 008; χ^2= 32. 19,P〈0. 000）. Educational level（ OR = 2. 92,95% CI = 1. 71- 4. 99）,having other work experience or not（ OR = 5. 76,95% CI = 3. 06- 10. 85）,and working

关 键 词：个人特征 女性性工作者 安全套使用行为 计划行为理论 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]