施用有机肥对高寒草甸地上生物量及物种多样性的影响  

Effect of organic fertilizer on biomass and species diversity in Alpine meadow

作　　者：党永智 李欣[2] 权欣[2] 德科加[3] 张明[3] 芦光新[2] 

机构地区：[1]西藏那曲地区农牧局,那曲852000 [2]青海大学农牧学院草业科学系,西宁810016 [3]青海省畜牧兽医科学院,西宁810016

出　　处：《青海畜牧兽医杂志》2015年第6期4-6,共3页Chinese Qinghai Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

基　　金：国家自科学基金"青藏高原草地耐低温纤维素分解真菌多样性研究"(41261064)资助

摘　　要：为了研究施用有机肥对高寒草甸地上生物量及物种多样性的影响,采用样方法测定不同处理样方内的植物种类、株高、盖度,然后测定其地上生物量。结果表明:在单年施用有机肥的情况下,有机肥施肥量为480 g/m^2时地上生物量增加;在连续两年施用有机肥的情况下,有机肥施肥量大于80 g/m^2时地上生物量增加。在相同施肥量的条件下,连续两年施用有机肥会明显提高草地的地上生物量,有机肥施用量为A1 480 g/m^2时地上生物量的增加量为60.75%,有机肥施用量为A2 320 g/m^2时地上生物量的增加量为37.69%,有机肥施用量为A3 160 g/m^2时地上生物量的增加量为51.84%,有机肥施用量为A4 80 g/m^2时地上生物量的增加量为39.23%,有机肥施用量为A5 40g/m^2时地上生物量的增加量为12.57%,有机肥施用量为A6 20 g/m^2时地上生物量的增加量为7.80%;单年施用有机肥条件下,有机肥施用量为A1 480 g/m^2时地上生物量的增加量为23.06%,有机肥施用量为A2 320 g/m^2时地上生物量的增加量为1.92%,施用量为A3 160 g/m^2时地上生物量的增加量为4.78%,施用量为A4 80 g/m^2时地上生物量的增加量为2.41%,施用量为A6 20g/m^2,地上生物量的增加量为0.85%。由此可见,在相同施肥量的条件下,地上生物量的增加量与施肥次数有关,连续两年施用有机肥提高牧草地上生物量的效果优于单年施用有机肥的方式。但有机肥的施肥量和施用次数对物种多样性的影响不明显。To study the effect of organic fertilizer on biomass and species diversity in Alpine meadow, the plant species, plant height,coverage and aboveground in different processing plot were determined. The results showed that under application of organic fertilizer of one year, organic fertilizer for 480 g / m^2, the aboveground biomass increased. Under two consecutive years of application of organic fertilizer, amount of application of organic fertilizer is over 80 g / m^2, above ground biomass increased. Under the same fertilization amount, the aboveground biomass of grassland could be obviously improved by applying organic fertilizer for two consecutive years. Under organic fertilizer application amount of A1 480 g / m^2, A2 320 g / m^2,A3 160 g / m^2, A4 80 g / m^2, A5 40 g / m^2,A6 20 g / m^2 respectively, the aboveground biomass improve 60.75%, 37.69%, 51.84%,39.23%,12.57%,7.80% respectively. Under application of organic fertilizer of one year, and organic fertilizer application amount of A1 480 g / m^2, A2 320 g / m^2,A3 160 g / m^2, A4 80 g A6 20 g / m^2 respectively, the aboveground biomass increased by 23.06%, 1.92%, 4.78%,2.41%,0.85% respectively. The resulted that under the same amount of fertilizer application, above ground biomass was related to the count of fertilizer application, two consecutive years of the application of organic fertilizer is better than that of organic fertilizer application of one year in. increasing the aboveground biomass. But organic fertilizer amount and the count of fertilizer application is not obvious impact on species diversity.

关 键 词：施肥 有机肥 地上生物量 物种多样性 

分 类 号：S821.4[农业科学—畜牧学]