赣南某钨矿区土壤中Cd、Pb的形态特征及生态风险评价  

Distribution characteristics and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals Cd and Pb in soils around a tungsten mine of Gannan

作　　者：陈明[1] 杨涛[1] 徐慧[1] 蔡忠萍 赵玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西理工大学,江西省矿冶环境污染控制重点实验室,赣州341000

出　　处：《环境化学》2015年第12期2257-2262,共6页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家“十二五”科技支撑计划课题(2012BAC11B07);江西省对外科技合作计划项目(20133BDH80027);江西省研究生创新专项资金资助

摘　　要：以赣南某钨矿区稻田及菜田土壤为研究对象,采用Dold七步提取法分析了土壤中Cd、Pb的分布特征,运用富集系数法及次生相与原生相比值法综合评价了钨矿区土壤中Cd、Pb的生态风险.形态分析表明,Cd、Pb主要以原生硫化物态为主,其次为残渣态;Cd、Pb的生物可利用态分配系数较低,为1.18%—6.48%,生物潜在可利用态分配系数较高,为56.70%—87.43%,Pb的生物活性略高于Cd.风险评价表明,从重金属总量富集角度评价,土壤中Cd为重度污染到极度污染,Pb为中度污染到严重污染,平均污染程度为Cd>>Pb;从形态角度评价,Cd、Pb均为轻度污染到重度污染,Cd、Pb各采样点的次生相与原生相分布比值(P%)空间差异性明显,Pb的各采样点P%空间差异性更为显著,平均污染程度为Cd<Pb.Rice field soil samples and vegetable field soil samples were collected from a tungsten mine area in Gannan. The distribution characteristics of Cd and Pb in the soils were analyzed by Dold seven step extraction,and the ecological risks of Cd and Pb in the soils were evaluated by the enrichment factors and the ratio of secondary phase and primary phase. The sequential extraction results show that Cd and Pb were mainly composed of primary sulfide,followed by residual fractions.The bio-available distribution coefficients of Pb and Cd are low,with 1. 18%—6. 48%,and the potential bio-available distribution coefficients are high,with 56. 70%—87. 43%. The biological activity of Pb is slightly higher than that of Cd. The risk assessment based on enrichment factors of the total amount of heavy metals shows that Cd is polluted from heavy to extreme,Pb is polluted from moderately to heavy,and the average pollution level is CdPb. From the fraction,Cd and Pb are polluted from slightly to heavy,there are significant differences in the P%（ ratio of secondary phase and primary phase） of each sampling point of Cd and Pb,and the difference in the P% of Pb is more significant,the average pollution level is CdPb.

关 键 词：钨矿区 土壤 铅 镉 形态分析 生态风险 赣南 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X825