基于折线故障模型的模拟电路统一故障字典法  

A Unified Fault Dictionary Method for Analog Circuits Based on Piecewise Linear Fault Model

作　　者：胡梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]国防科学技术大学机电工程与自动化学院,湖南长沙410073

出　　处：《测试技术学报》2015年第6期501-508,共8页Journal of Test and Measurement Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(61201031;61171079)

摘　　要：基于非线性模拟电路中元件表现出的折线故障特征,结合线性电路中的节点电压关系函数原理,本文实现了一种基于折线故障模型的模拟电路统一故障字典法,能够诊断电路中线性元件和非线性元件的硬故障(开路和短路故障)和软故障(元件参数变化至容差允许范围之外).分别针对三类电路:1简单线性电路,2含有三极管的电路,3基于闭环运放模块的电路,以节点电压平面上的折线作为故障特征,主要分析了参数直流扫描的范围和间隔,并利用易于程序实现的分段线性拟合算法得到扫描数据拟合的分段线性方程,将折线故障模型参数存为统一故障字典.在测后故障诊断时,考虑到容差的影响,给出了基于统一故障字典的诊断步骤,并引入最小直线距离法对软故障进行定位.最后通过仿真实例验证了该方法的有效性.Based on the piecewise linear fault feature of the components in nonlinear analog circuits,and combining the principle of node-voltage relation function in linear circuits,a unified fault dictionary method based on piecewise linear fault model is realized,which can diagnose hard faults（open and short faults）and soft faults（component parameters change to beyond the allowed tolerance range）of both linear and nonlinear components in analog circuits.Aiming at 3kinds of circuits：①simple linear circuits,② circuits with transistors,③circuits based on the closed-loop operational amplifier（CLOA）modules,and taking the piecewise lines in the node-voltage plane as fault feature,this paper analyze the range and interval in DC scan of parameters,and adopt piecewise linear fitting algorithm which is practical to be programmed to get the piecewise linear function according to the scanning points,then save the parameters of the extracted piecewise linear fault model as unified fault dictionary.For fault diagnosis after-test with the effect of tolerance,we give the diagnosis steps according to unified fault dictionary,and utilize the minimal line distance method to locate soft faults.Finally,simulation results are demonstrated the efficiency of the proposed method.

关 键 词：模拟电路 故障诊断 统一故障字典 折线故障模型 节点电压关系函数 分段线性拟合 容差 

分 类 号：TN431.1[电子电信—微电子学与固体电子学]