20 Years Advances in Preparation of Potassium Salts from Potassic Rocks:A Review  

作　　者：MA Hongwen YANG Jing SU Shuangqing LIU Meitang ZHENG Hong WANG Yingbin QI Hongbin ZHANG Pan YAO Wengui 

机构地区：[1]School of Materials Science and Technology,China University of Geosciences [2]Bluesky Technology Corporation [3]School of Mathematics and Physics,China University of Geosciences

出　　处：《Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)》2015年第6期2058-2071,共14页地质学报（英文版）

基　　金：granted by China Geological Survey Project(12120113087700);Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2652014017);the National Eleventh Five-year Supporting Plan for Science and Technology(2006BAD10B04);Specialized Research Funds for Doctoral Program of Higher Education(1999049114);supported by the Provincial Science and Technology Programs of Henan(0524250042);Inner Mongolia(20020307);Shanxi(001065);Beijing(953500400);enterprises of Shaanxi Daqin Potassium Industry Corporation;Tongling Chemical Industry Group Corporation;Shanxi Ziguang Potassium Industry Corporation;Henan Qianhe Mining Corporation;the Geological Survey of Tianjin

摘　　要：Long-term research on key techniques of clean utilization of potassic rocks from over twenty localities has been performed to settle the shortage of soluble potassium resources in China. The results show that K-feldspar as the principal mineral enriched in potassium could be decomposed in the media of Ca（OH）_2, NaOH, KOH-H_2O solution via hydrothermal treatment, into tobermorite, hydroxylcancrinite, and kalsilite respectively. By further processing, these compounds are feasible for being as slow-release carrier of potassium nitrate, extracting alumina, and preparing farm-oriented fertilizers of potassium sulphate and nitrate. Correspondingly, the filtrate is KOH,（Na, K）_2SiO_3, and K_2SiO_3 solution, from which potassium carbonate, sulphate, nitrate, and phosphate could be easily fabricated. As NaO H and KOH are recycled in the processing chains by causticizing sodium and/or potassium metasilicate solutions, the hydrothermal alkaline techniques as developed in this research have several advantages as lower consumption of disposable mineral resources and energy, maximized utilization of potassic mineral resources, as well as clean productions etc. Based on the approaches presented in this paper, the technical system of efficiently utilizing insoluble potassium resources has been established. The hydrothermal alkaline methods are feasible to be industrialized on a large scale, thus resulting in decreasing imports of potash fertilizers, improving the pattern of potassium fertilizer consumption, and enhancing the supplying guarantee of potassium resource in China.Long-term research on key techniques of clean utilization of potassic rocks from over twenty localities has been performed to settle the shortage of soluble potassium resources in China. The results show that K-feldspar as the principal mineral enriched in potassium could be decomposed in the media of Ca（OH）_2, NaOH, KOH-H_2O solution via hydrothermal treatment, into tobermorite, hydroxylcancrinite, and kalsilite respectively. By further processing, these compounds are feasible for being as slow-release carrier of potassium nitrate, extracting alumina, and preparing farm-oriented fertilizers of potassium sulphate and nitrate. Correspondingly, the filtrate is KOH,（Na, K）_2SiO_3, and K_2SiO_3 solution, from which potassium carbonate, sulphate, nitrate, and phosphate could be easily fabricated. As NaO H and KOH are recycled in the processing chains by causticizing sodium and/or potassium metasilicate solutions, the hydrothermal alkaline techniques as developed in this research have several advantages as lower consumption of disposable mineral resources and energy, maximized utilization of potassic mineral resources, as well as clean productions etc. Based on the approaches presented in this paper, the technical system of efficiently utilizing insoluble potassium resources has been established. The hydrothermal alkaline methods are feasible to be industrialized on a large scale, thus resulting in decreasing imports of potash fertilizers, improving the pattern of potassium fertilizer consumption, and enhancing the supplying guarantee of potassium resource in China.

关 键 词：K-FELDSPAR potassium salt alkaline digestion green processing sustainable development 

分 类 号：TD985[矿业工程—选矿]