新疆焉耆盆地平原区地下水质量评价与污染成因探讨  

Assessment of Groundwater Quality and Pollution Causes Discussion for the Plain Area of Yanqi Basin,Xinjiang Autonomous Region,China

作　　者：赵江涛[1] 周金龙[1,2,3] 曾妍妍[1] 李巧[1] 杜明亮[1] 高业新[2] 冯欣[2] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学水利与土木工程学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所,石家庄050061 [3]中国地质大学(武汉)环境学院,武汉430074

出　　处：《地球与环境》2015年第6期628-636,共9页Earth and Environment

基　　金：中国地质调查局项目(1212011220982);新疆自治区水文学及水资源重点学科基金项目(xjswszyzdxk20101202)

摘　　要：地下水作为一种洁净而又丰富的淡水资源,已经成为新疆工农业生产及生活的主要水源,起着至关重要的作用。本文依据2014年42组地下水样品,采用溶解性总固体(TDS)、总硬度(TH)、Cl^-、SO_4^(2-)、NO_3^-、F^-、铁(Fe)、锰(Mn)为评价项目,利用单项指标评价法进行地下水质量评价,统计了新疆焉耆盆地平原区各评价指标在不同水质级别所占的比例;采用8组2011年和2014年同一监测井的化学组分浓度对比法进行地下水污染评价,对地下水水质变化趋势进行分析;分析了地下水的污染原因。地下水质量评价结果表明2014年潜水、浅层承压水和深层承压水Ⅳ-Ⅴ类水质所占比例之和分别25.0%、45.5%和29.7%,部分地区地下水受地表水补给导致铁含量超标;地下水污染评价结果表明2011~2014年地下水劣变程度为"潜水<深层承压水<浅层承压水"。影响焉耆盆地平原区地下水水质的主要因素是人类活动,尤其是城镇化的快速发展以及农业生产。Groundwater is one of the undefiled and rich freshwater resources of industry water,irrigation water and domestic water in Xinjiang Autonomous Region,China.Forty-two groundwater samples in the the research area were collected and their TDS,total hardness,chloride,SO4^2-,NO3-,fluoride,iron and manganese were tested.Groundwater quality was assessed with the single factor method,and proportion of the evaluation indexes in different quality levels of the area was calculated.Groundwater pollution was assessed by comparing chemical component concentrations of eight wells between 2011 and 2014,and causes of the groundwater pollution were also analyzed.Results show that the sum of theⅣ-Ⅴwater quality proportion of phreatic water,shallow confined water and deep confined water are 25.0%,45.5% and 29.7% in 2014,respectively.Iron content of the groundwater is over standard in the part of the plain area of the Yanqi Basin because of recharged surface water.Shallow confined water quality is inferior to the deep confined water quality,and phreatic water quality classification was better than that of deep confined water quality from 2011 to 2014.Main factor affecting the quality of groundwater is human activities,especially rapid development of town and agricultural production in the plain area of the Yanqi Basin.

关 键 词：新疆焉耆盆地平原区 地下水质量评价 地下水污染评价 

分 类 号：P641.8[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]