采矿废石场重金属污染评价与模拟植物恢复  

Heavy Metal Pollution Assessment and Vegetation Restoration Simulation at Mined Waste Rock Yards

作　　者：彭禧柱 李凤梅[1] 杨胜香[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉首大学生物资源与环境科学学院锰锌矿业重金属污染综合防治技术湖南省工程实验室,湖南吉首416000

出　　处：《吉首大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第6期79-83,共5页Journal of Jishou University(Natural Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41561076;41471257);吉首大学校级科研项目(15JDY022);湖南省研究生培养创新基地项目(201501)

摘　　要：对湘西自治州矿区7个采矿废石场重金属进行监测,采用污染指数法对其进行评价.研究结果表明,湘西自治州采矿废石场重金属元素质量分数偏高,其中Pb,Zn,Cu,Cd的超过国家土壤环境质量三级标准,Pb污染水平为清洁─轻度─中度污染,Zn为清洁─轻度污染,Cd为轻─中度污染,总污染程度为清洁─轻度─中度污染.植被恢复模拟试验结果表明,黑麦草、紫花苜蓿和野菊在不同的覆盖厚度上均能萌发、生长,且随着覆盖厚度的增加植物的发芽率、株高、生物量均显著提高,覆盖厚度为50mm的处理植物长势最好,发芽率和株高最高,生物量最大.An assessment of heavy metal pollution was conducted at 7mined waste-rock yards in Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture.The results obtained from the contamination index method showed high level of heavy metals,among which the levels of Zn,Pb and Cd exceeded the Grade III according to China Environmental Quality Standard for Soils（GB 15618—1995）.The contamination index showed clean-mildmoderate contamination by Pb,clean-mile contamination by Zn and clean-moderate contamination by Cd.The general index indicated clean-mild-moderate contamination.The vegetation restoration simulation results showed that three plants（Lolium perenne,Medicago sativa and Chrysanthemum indicum）could germinate and grow in all the cover depths,and the germination rate,plant height and biomass of the three plants significantly increased with the cover depths.Overall,the plants in the treatment of 50 mm grew healthily with the highest germination rate,plant height and biomass.

关 键 词：采矿废石场 重金属污染 喷混植生绿化技术 植被恢复 

分 类 号：X753[环境科学与工程—环境工程]