泥炭对Pb、Cd污染菜地土壤修复效果评价  

Remediation Effects and Evaluation of Peat Amendment on Pb and Cd Contaminated in Vegetable Soil

作　　者：杜瑞英[1,2,3] 王艳红[1,2] 唐明灯[1,2] 李盟军[1,2] 艾绍英[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]农业部南方植物营养与肥料重点实验室,广东广州510640 [2]广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,广东广州510640 [3]农业部农产品质量安全风险评估实验室(广州),广东广州510640

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2015年第11期1893-1897,共5页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2014A020216019);广东省农业科学院院长基金(201116);广州市科技计划项目(2014Y2-00521)

摘　　要：珠江三角洲地区农田土壤重金属污染程度较为严重,泥炭作为一种富含有机质的碱性改良剂在修复重金属污染农田土壤方面具有很好的潜力.通过研究泥炭对珠三角地区Pb、Cd 污染菜地土壤修复效果开展的连续盆栽试验,从生态学角度对泥炭的修复效果进行综合评价.试验结果表明：泥炭可以提高0.25-1.61 个单位的土壤pH 值,增加土壤有机质含量,显著降低土壤中Cd 有效态含量.连续种植小白菜（Brassica chinensis）后泥炭处理的土壤Cd 有效态含量仍显著低于对照,对土壤修复持效性好;但对土壤Pb 有效态含量作用效果不显著.泥炭对小白菜有明显的增产效果,在种植第二茬时效果最明显,同时与对照比较泥炭处理显著降低小白菜中Cd 含量,但对降低小白菜中Pb 含量效果也不明显.泥炭可以显著提高土壤中微生物的活性和代谢多样性,种植小白菜后微生物活性提高更明显.综合判断,15 g·kg^-1 泥炭用量对修复珠三角地区Pb、Cd 污染菜地土壤效果最好而且持效性好.整体来看,泥炭对降低土壤中Cd 有效态含量的效果优于对Pb 的.Heavy metal pollution of agricultural land in the Pearl River Delta region is quite severe. As a kind of alkaline agent with rich organic matter, peat has great potential in the remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil. Peat was chosen as the amendment in batches of pot experiment: Studying the available contents of Pb and Cd in vegetable soil, the growth of Chinese cabbage (Brassica chinensis) and the absorbed and accumulated contents of Pb and Cd, the soil microbial activity. This article studied immobilization and remediation of heavy metals contaminated vegetable soil under different amounts of peat, and assessed immobilization effect. The results are as follows: Peat can improve the soil pH value of 0.25~1.61 units. The content of organic matter in soil increased with the increase of the amount of peat. The soil pH value and organic matter content of the soil after continuous cultivation of the three batches were kept at a high level, and the sustained effect is better. The available content of Cd in soil was significantly lower than that of the control, and the soil was sustained effective. The effect available content of Pb on soil was not significant, and the effect of the effect was relatively slow. Overall, the effect of reducing the content of Cd in soil was better than that of Pb. The peat can improve the biomass of Chinese cabbage, and the second batch is significantly improved. The peat reduced significantly the content of Cd in Chinese cabbage, and the content of Cd in the Chinese cabbage was lower than the limited value in GB2762─2012. The effect of peat on the Pb content in Chinese cabbage was not obvious. The AWCD and Simpson index of soil microbes could be improved significantly by peat, after cultivation of Chinese cabbage, microbial activity increased more obviously. The comprehensive evaluation revealed that 15 g·kg-1 peat amendment remediation had the best and longer lasting effect on Pb, Cd pollution in vegetable soil of the Pearl River Delta region.

关 键 词：泥炭 Pb、Cd污染 生态修复 效果评价 菜地土壤 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]