远洋运输业海员群体安全文化测评量表的构建  

Development of safety culture measuring scale for seafarers in maritime shipping industry

作　　者：徐执印 刘晓荣[1] 刘建[1] 刘文宝[1] 董巧儿[2] 陈国良[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军第二军医大学卫生勤务学系,上海市200433 [2]中国人民解放军第二军医大学校务部卫生处,上海市200433

出　　处：《职业与健康》2015年第23期3289-3293,共5页Occupation and Health

基　　金：2014年度全军后勤科研重点项目(项目编号:BHJ14L010)

摘　　要：目的在研究国内外文献的基础上根据中国国情制定远洋运输业海员安全文化测评量表,并对其信度、效度进行检验,确保科学可行。方法在查询国内外有关海员以及相关海员群体安全文化调查量表文献的基础上,筛选相关条目组成量表,然后通过专家咨询法,形成＂海员安全文化＂测评量表初稿。经过50人的预调查对量表进行进一步修订,之后使用量表对上海市某远洋运输业公司的400名海员进行正式调查,采用因子分析、信度分析等统计方法对量表的信度与效度进行分析。结果通过正式调查对量表的信度、效度检验最后形成了适用于我国海员群体安全文化测评的34条目量表,在问卷的结构效度方面,通过探索性因子分析得到了安全态度、安全政策、安全知识以及安全管理4个维度,共解释了总方差的66.008%;在问卷的内容效度方面,34个条目的条目内容效度指数（I-CVI）值均≥0.8,平均量表内容效度指数（S-CVI/Ave）的值为0.959;在信度检验中,量表4个维度以及总体的Cronbach＇sα系数在0.828-0.969之间,Spearman-Brown系数在0.784-0.902之间。结论量表具有较好的信度、效度和良好的内容一致性,可为以后研究海员群体安全文化测评工具的工作提供依据。[Objective]To develop a safety culture measuring scale for seafarers in maritime shipping industry in China based on reviewing the domestic and foreign literature,test its reliability and validity to ensure the science and feasibility.[Methods]The domestic and foreign literatures about measuring scale for seafarers or seafarers-related safety culture were reviewed to screen the items,and then the first draft of safety culture measuring scale for seafarers was developed by the expert consultation method.A pre-investigation of 50 respondents was performed to further revise the scale.400 seafarers from an ocean shipping company in Shanghai received the formal investigation with the scale.The reliability and validity of the scale were verified by the methods of factor analysis and reliability analysis.[Results]By the tests of reliability and validity,the scale with 34 items was developed,which is suitable for the safety culture measuring of seafarers in China.In the construct validity of the scale,the exploratory factor analysis revealed that there were 4 dimensions of safety attitude,safety policy,safety knowledge and safety management,which accounted for approximately 66.008%of the total variance.Referring to the content validity of the scale,the index-level content validity index（I-CVI） values of 34 items were equal or greater than 0.8,and the scale-level content validity index average（S-CVI/Ave） was 0.959.The reliability test showed that Cronbach＇s alpha for the 4 dimensions and the whole scale ranged from 0.828 to0.969,Spearman-Brown coefficients were between 0.784 and 0.902.[Conclusion]The scale has good reliability and validity,and higher content consistency,which can provide reference for the future study on measuring tools for safety culture of seafarers.

关 键 词：安全文化 海员 量表 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]