植物克隆整合的生态学效应研究概述  

Ecological Consequences of Clonal Integration in Plants

作　　者：石艳[1] 李阳[1] 毛少利[1] 王宇超[1] 毛祝新[1] 李倩[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西省西安植物园,西安710061

出　　处：《陕西林业科技》2015年第5期76-80,共5页Shaanxi Forest Science and Technology

基　　金：陕西省科学院青年人才培养项目(2013K-20;2015K-30);陕西省科技厅农业攻关项目(2014K01-12-02)

摘　　要：各个分类群和几乎所有的生态系统类型中克隆植物均普遍存在,并且在很多生态系统中处于优势或者主导地位,发挥着重要的功能。克隆分株间在形体上(如匍匐茎和根状茎等)的相连,使得物质和资源(如糖类、矿质养分、营养物质、和水分等)可以在分株间运输和转移。克隆植物通过克隆生长在生理响应、生长发育和繁殖行为等诸多方面表现出一定的特殊性,例如:生理整合效应、风险分摊效应、表型可塑性、劳动分工、觅养特性、弱化的自疏现象以及对环境资源异质性的适应等,因此,克隆植物能够更加有效的摄取和利用空间和资源,并最终增加种群的整体适合度。在此我们总结了克隆植物生理整合生态学效应相关的研究成果,并对未来的研究提供了一些建议。Clonal plants exist in different plant communities and virtually all ecosystems.Vascular connections（e.g.stolons or rhizomes）of clonal plants can transport resources such as carbohydrates,water and nutrient between interconnected ramets.This feature has been long considered to be adaptive in all types of ecosystems,particularly in environments where resources or stressful factors are patchily distributed in both time and space.Owing to clonal integration,clonal plant species possess a series of peculiar performances：plasticity in response to local and non-local conditions,labor division with organ specialization for acquiring locally abundant resources,foraging behavior by selective placement of ramets in resource-rich microhabitats,and avoidance of intraclonal competition,etc.Clonal integration confers very profound ecological consequences to plants.Whereby clonal plants are able to efficiently cope with environmental variations：to alleviate local resource shortage,to buffer environmental stress and disturbance,to influence the competitive ability and invisibility,to even out the environmental heterogeneity and to alter species composition at the community-level,and so on.This paper presented a comprehensive review of researches on ecological consequences of clonal integration in plants based on a big body of literatures we could gather.

关 键 词：克隆植物 生理整合 生态学效应 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学]