饲粮磷含量对11～15月龄青年奶牛生长性能、血液指标和磷排泄的影响  

Effects of Dietary Phosphorus Content on Growth Performance,Blood Indicators and Phosphorus Excretion of Heifers Aged 11 to 15 Months

作　　者：孙国强[1] 王书芝 吕永艳[1] 王玲[1] 吴丹丹[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学动物科技学院,青岛266109 [2]威海嘉盛乳业有限公司,荣成264300

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2015年第12期3912-3919,共8页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：山东省现代农业产业技术体系牛产业创新团队(SDAIT-12-011-08)

摘　　要：本试验旨在探讨饲粮磷含量对青年奶牛生长性能、血液指标和磷排泄的影响。选取体重和月龄相近[（11.1±0.3）月龄]健康青年荷斯坦奶牛30头,随机分为5组,每组6头,各组饲粮磷含量分别为0.36%（对照）、0.33%、0.30%、0.28%和0.25%。预试期15 d,正试期90 d。结果表明：1）饲粮磷含量对结束体重、平均日增重、干物质采食量及料重比均无显著影响（P〉0.05）;2）降低饲粮磷含量,磷的表观消化率显著或极显著提高（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）,对干物质、粗蛋白质、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维的表观消化率均无显著影响（P〉0.05）;3）饲粮磷含量对血清中甲状旁腺素、维生素D3、钙、磷含量和碱性磷酸酶活性均无显著影响（P〉0.05）;4）与对照组相比,饲粮磷含量降低至0.30%、0.28%和0.25%时,食入磷、粪磷、尿磷、磷总排泄量极显著降低（P〈0.01）,饲粮磷含量为0.33%、0.30%、0.28%和0.25%时,磷总排泄量分别降低7.02%、21.42%、35.17%、45.49%。本试验结果表明,饲粮磷含量低至0.25%（即不添加含磷矿物质饲料）对11～15月龄青年奶牛生长性能、血清生化指标及主要养分表观消化率无显著影响,但可以提高磷的表观消化率,降低磷的排泄量。This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary phosphorus content on growth performance,blood indicators and phosphorus excretion of heifers. Thirty health heifers of Holstein cows with similar body weight and age [（ 11. 1 ±0. 3） months of age]were randomly assigned to 5 groups with 6 cows in each group. The dietary phosphorus content was 0. 36 %（ control）,0. 33 %,0. 30 % 0. 28 % and 0. 25 %,respectively. The pretest lasted for 15 days,and the test lasted for 90 days. The results showed as follows： 1）there was no significant difference in initial weight,final weight,average daily gain,dry matter intake and feed to gain ratio among groups（ P〉0. 05）; 2） with reducing of dietary phosphorus content,the apparent digestibility of phosphorus was significantly increased（ P〈0. 05 or P〈0. 01）,and there were no significant effects on the apparent digestibility of dry matter,crude protein,neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber（ P〉0. 05）; 3） there were no significant differences on serum parathyroid element,vitamin D3,calcium and phosphorus contents,and alkaline phosphatase activity（ P〉0. 05）; 4） compared with control group,phosphorus intake,feces phosphorus,urine phosphorus and total phosphorus excretion were significantly decreased when dietary phosphorus content reduced to 0. 30 %,0. 28 % and 0. 25 %（ P〈0. 01）,total phosphorus excretion was reduced by 7. 02 %,21. 42 %,35. 17 %,45. 49 % when dietary phosphorus content was 0. 33 %,0.30 %,0. 28 % and 0. 25 %,respectively. The results indicate that dietary phosphorus content reduced to 0.25 %（ without addition of feed containing phosphorus） does not affect growth performance,blood indicators and nutrient apparent digestibility of heifers,but can increase apparent digestibility of phosphorus,and reduce phosphorus excretion.

关 键 词：磷酸氢钙 青年奶牛 生长性能 血液指标 磷排泄 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]