滴灌条件下液体地膜覆盖土壤保温保湿效应及棉花生长响应  

Effects of Liquid Film Mulching on Soil Temperature, Moisture and the Growth of Cotton Under Drip Irrigation

作　　者：李云光[1,2] 王振华[1,2] 张金珠[1,2] 李文昊[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学水利建筑工程学院,新疆石河子832000 [2]石河子大学现代节水灌溉兵团重点实验室,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《土壤》2015年第6期1170-1175,共6页Soils

基　　金：石河子大学高层次人才引进项目(RCZX201322);国家自然科学基金项目(51369027)资助

摘　　要：为解决干旱区棉田日益严重的"白色污染"问题,从根本上杜绝农田残膜增加,采用桶栽试验研究了5种处理方式:液体地膜1 900 kg/hm^2(LFD1),液体地膜2 200 kg/hm^2(LFD2),液体地膜2 500 kg/hm^2(LFD3),塑膜滴灌(PFD),裸地对照(NFD)对土壤的保温保湿效应及棉花生长响应,探讨了滴灌条件下液体地膜代替塑料地膜的可行性。结果表明:液体地膜覆盖可提高土壤温度,降低土壤水分蒸发量,增强棉株根系吸收与合成能力,加快滴灌棉花前期生长速度,适度抑制后期旺长,增产效果显著。液体地膜覆盖滴灌棉花对土壤环境无不良影响,在干旱区滴灌棉田具有重要研究价值和应用前景。In order to solve the ＂white pollution＂ problem of cotton fields in arid region and fimdamentally eradicate agricultural plastic film increase in agricultural fields, this paper explored the feasibility of replacing plastic mulch with liquid film under drip irrigation condition. To research the effects of liquid film mulching on soil temperature, moisture and the growth of cotton under drip irrigation, pot experiment was carried out with five mulching modes： LFDI-1900 kg/hrn2, LFD2-2200 kg/hm2, LFD3- 2500 kg/hm2 liquid film, PFD-plastic film mulching, NFD-open field with no liquid film used. The results showed that liquid film increased soil temperature, reduced evaporation of soil moisture, enhanced the cotton root absorption and synthetic ability, thus accelerated the growth rate of the pre-irrigation of cotton, inhibited moderately the late flourishing, and increased yield significantly. Liquid film mulching cotton under drip irrigation had no adverse effects on soil environment, so it has the important study significance and application prospect in cotton field in arid areas.

关 键 词：滴灌 液体地膜 土壤温度 土壤湿度 棉花 

分 类 号：S275.6[农业科学—农业水土工程]