泉州土地利用变化与区域比较  

Land Use Change and Regional Comparison of Quanzhou City

作　　者：全斌[1,2] 宋慧[2] 李朝奎[1] 任红鸽 郭涛[2] 白一君[2] 雷师[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南科技大学地理空间信息技术国家地方联合工程实验室,湖南湘潭411201 [2]湖南科技大学建筑与城乡规划学院,湖南湘潭411201

出　　处：《土壤》2015年第6期1199-1208,共10页Soils

基　　金：国土资源部公益性行业科研专项(201211039-4);湖南省自然科学基金项目(14JJ2098);国家高端外国专家项目(GDW20154300243)资助

摘　　要：近几十年,中国城市化取得了很大的进展。随着经济的快速发展和人口的增加,定量分析福建省东南沿海泉州城市空间结构演化,不仅可为评估区域未来环境提供理论基础,而且可为建设国家海峡西岸经济区和实施"一带一路"战略提供科学依据。本文采用地理信息系统(GIS)、遥感和区域比较方法,研究了泉州市1995—2010年15年间土地景观格局的变化。结果表明:2010年泉州土地利用面积以林地和耕地为主,分别约占总面积的60%和15%;近15年间,城市建设用地翻了两倍,但耕地、林地大量减少,转出的耕地中,约有57.4%转化为建设用地;建设用地的增加较多发生在泉州的沿海与沿河地区,并随时间推移而有减缓的趋势,土地利用综合动态度与土地利用程度也随之依次降低;土地利用综合动态度表现出从中国东部、中部向西部地区呈递减趋势。尽管15年间,泉州市城市扩张发生了显著的变化,但是,由于地理位置与人口的影响,它与中国沿海其他城市如深圳、东莞相比,仍处于落后水平。泉州土地景观呈现土地利用上的日益多样化、土地结构上日益破碎化以及形状上复杂化的趋势。人口数量与结构、经济发展水平及国家建设海峡西岸经济区的政策是影响该区土地利用变化的主要驱动力。Urbanization in China developes fast in recent decades. Land use/cover change （LUCC） is the key reason causing the evolution of Quanzhou City＇s eco-environment. Therefore, quantitative analysis for the spatiotemporal patterns of Quanzhou＇s urbanization can provide not only theoretical basis for future regional environment assessment, but also scientific basis for the construction of Western Taiwan Straits Economic Zone and geopolitical strategy ＂One Belt One Road＂. However, due to the complexity of urban LUCC and the restriction of multi-disciplinary integration, the inter-regional land use quantitative analysis based on remote sensing imagery interpretation is relatively immature. This study adopts Geographic Information System （GIS） and the remote sensing method, with the land-use data of 1995, 2000, 2005 and 2010 recorded from remote sensing images as main data sources, to comparatively study the land-use quantitative characteristics, dynamic and change process of Quanzhou City in Fujian Province, China with the views of cross region in the latest 15 years. The results showed that in 2010, as the main land use types in Quanzhou City, forest land and cropland accounted for 60% and 15% of the total area respectively. Our data show that constrction land in Quanzhou City increased more than twofold from 1995 to 2010, the areas of cropland and forest land decreased distinctly and about 57.4% of the converted cropland became into constrction land. Most urban land expansion concentrated in the coastal areas, including the city districts and areas with the dominance of labor intensive industries. The comprehensive dynamic degrees of each period were 7.87, 5.18 and 3.85 in a descending order; correspondingly, the land use degree showed a decreasing tendency of being tense at first but loose afterwards in the different periods. According to contemporaneous trans-regional comparative analysis, the comprehensive land use dynamic degree of is 5.8 for Quanzhou City, 5.5 for Changzhutan region of Central Chin

关 键 词：土地利用/土地覆盖变化(LUCC) 城市化 GIS 区域比较 泉州市 

分 类 号：F293.2[经济管理—国民经济]