清代会通河北段运西地区排涝暨水事纠纷问题探析——以会通河护堤保运为中心  

Analysis on Drainage and Water Disputes in Yunxi, North of Huitong River in Qing Dynasty——Centered on Case of Reinforcing Dam and Protection of Huitong River

作　　者：高元杰[1] 郑民德[2] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学历史学院,天津300071 [2]聊城大学运河学研究院,山东聊城252059

出　　处：《中国农史》2015年第6期85-100,共16页Agricultural History of China

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"京杭运河与明清时期区域农业开发研究"(12BZS082);教育部人文社科研究青年基金项目"明清运河漕运仓储与区域社会研究"(15YJC770051)

摘　　要：会通河的开通不只给沿线城市带来了商业的繁荣,还给运西地区带来了严峻的排涝问题。清政府为此做了很多努力,但没能有效减轻运西水患。为了保护运道安全,清政府对运西河渠疏浚基本持反对态度,致使运西河渠普遍湮废。民间的占种河道和地方官员的按地升科,加重了运西普遍存在的排水纠纷。围绕着排水纠纷,国家、地方、士民利益相冲突,但国家保运行为始终占据绝对优势,以致终清之世无法解决。运西严重的水患体现了运河影响下水环境的恶化,深刻影响到了民众的生产生活,是运河淤废以后沿线经济一蹶不振的重要原因。Huitong River not only brought business prosperity to cities along the river,but also brought severe drainage problems to Yunxi region. Qing Government made great efforts to solve these problems, but the flood disaster there was not effectively decreased. For the security of the river channel, Qing Government opposed to dredge the channel of Yunxi River so that channel of Yunxi River was perished. Drainage disputes got intensified for occupation of channel by the public and taxation from local officers. Interests of country, regions and people clashed for drainage disputes. But canal protecting actions of the country always prevailed, which made drainage disputes last until the end of Qing Dynasty. Severe floods in Yunxi led to deterioration of downstream environment, which seriously affected production and life of local people, and made an important reason for depressed economy along the river after the canal was stopped and filled up.

关 键 词：运西 排涝 水事纠纷 会通河 护堤保运 挑河 

分 类 号：S-09[农业科学] K207[历史地理—历史学]