适应性支持通气对老年机械通气患者呼吸力学的影响  

The effects of adaptive support ventilation on respiratory mechanics in elderly patients

作　　者：卞叶萍[1] 顾永辉[1] 邓晓静[1] 程惠[1] 徐剑[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省老年医院重症医学科,南京210024

出　　处：《中华急诊医学杂志》2015年第12期1445-1448,共4页Chinese Journal of Emergency Medicine

摘　　要：目的 探讨适应性支持通气（adaptive support ventilation,ASV）在老年急性呼吸衰竭机械通气患者中的临床应用价值.方法 入组2013年1月至2015年6月期间入住江苏省老年医院重症监护病房的年龄≥65岁的急性呼吸衰竭行有创机械通气患者46例,将ASV模式与同步间歇指令通气模式进行前后自身比较,探讨ASV模式对于呼吸力学、血流动力学、氧动力学及舒适度的影响.结果 ASV模式与同步间歇指令通气模式相比,患者的呼吸频率减慢[（20.84±4.04）vs.（24.50 ±4.60）次/min,t=4.04,P＜0.05]、潮气量升高[（378.41±85.61）vs.（341.52±86.84） mL,t=2.05,P＜0.05],吸气阻力降低[（13.24±4.76）vs.（16.54±5.25） cmH2O/L·s,t=3.16,P＜0.05],平均气道压[（13.58±2.58） vs.（16.63±1.57） mmHg,t=6.84,P＜0.05]、气道峰压[（25.96±3.69）vs.（27.87±2.45） mmHg,t=2.92,P＜0.05]降低,差异均有统计学意义,视觉模拟评分法[（2.83±0.68）vs.（4.01±1.08）分,t=3.24,P＜O.05]评价患者舒适度明显增加,同时两种模式下动脉血氧分压、二氧化碳分压、乳酸比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,两种模式下心率、平均动脉压、中心静脉压比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.结论 ASV模式相对于常规同步间歇指令通气模式可改善老年机械通气患者呼吸力学指标,安全有效,并且可以增加患者舒适度.Objective To explore the clinical application of adaptive support ventilation （ASV） in elderly patients with acute respiratory failure.Methods A total of 46 mechanically ventilated patients aged over 65 years with acute respiratory failure admitted from January 2013 to June 2015 were enrolled.Comparison between the ASV mode and synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation （SIMV） mode was carried out in respects of the impacts of both modes on respiratory mechanics, hemodynamics, oxygen availability and comfort rate.Results Difference between ASV and SIMV in respiratory rate was [（20.84 ±4.04） vs.（24.50 ±4.60） cycles/min, t =4.04, P 〈0.05], in inspiratory resistance was [（13.24 ±4.76） vs.（16.54±5.25） cmH2O/ （L·s）, t=3.16, P〈0.05], in mean airway pressure was [（13.58±2.58） vs.（16.63 ±1.57） mmHg, t =6.84, P〈0.05], in peak airway pressure was [（25.96 ± 3.69） vs.（27.87 ± 2.45） mmHg, t =2.92, P 〈 0.05], and tidal volume was [（378.41 ± 85.61） vs.（341.52 ± 86.84） mL, t =2.05, P 〈 0.05], and comfort rate of patients was increased in ASV mode.There were no statistically significant differences in arterial oxygen partial pressure, carbon dioxide partial pressure, lactate, heart rate, mean arterial pressure and central venous pressure between the two modes （PP 〉 0.05）.Conclusions Compared with the synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation mode, the adaptive support ventilation mode can improve the respiratory mechanics and can increase the comfort rate in the elderly patients with mechanical ventilation.

关 键 词：老年 机械通气 适应性支持通气 同步间歇指令通气 呼吸力学 血流动力学 氧动力学 舒适度 

分 类 号：R563.8[医药卫生—呼吸系统]