城市降雨径流N、P营养物及其LID措施控制效果  

Nutrients in Urban Stormwater Runoff and Their LID Control Practices

作　　者：陈韬[1] 曹凯琳 李业伟[2] 李研[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京建筑大学城市雨水系统与水环境省部共建教育部重点实验室,北京100044 [2]北京师范大学后勤管理处,北京100875 [3]中国国家图书馆,北京100081

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2015年第24期11-16,共6页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51408021);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2010ZX07320-002);北京市科技新星计划项目(xx2012017);北京市教育委员会科技计划面上项目(KM201210016012)

摘　　要：通过文献调研,识别城市降雨径流N、P营养物的污染特征和去除过程,分析了典型LID措施对降雨径流营养物的削减效果。研究表明,我国多数城市各种下垫面径流的TN浓度和部分城市路面径流的TP浓度超过国家地表水V类水质标准。城市降雨径流N、P营养物存在初期冲刷和与颗粒物协同去除现象,并与降雨条件呈相关性。典型LID措施中生物滞留、洼地系统、透水铺装和湿地/塘对径流中不同形态的N、P营养物表现出一定的去除能力,应结合污染物浓度和径流削减量评估污染负荷的去除效果,并采取必要的结构设计、植物选择、种植土改良和介质改良等强化措施。The existing literature was reviewed to identify the pollution characteristics and removal process of nutrients （nitrogen and phosphorus） in urban stormwater runoff. The reduction efficiency of typical LID practices for nutrients in urban stormwater runoff was analyzed. It was demonstrated that TN in various underlying surface runoff in most cities and TP in road surfaces in partial cities were over national surface water quality standard level V. Nutrients in urban stormwater runoff showed first flush and collaborative removal possibilities with certain size of runoff particles, and were related to precipitation characteristics. Typical LID practices including bioretention, swale system, permeable pavement and wetland/pond could effectively remove nutrients in the runoff to various extents. Nutrient concentration and runoff reduction should be considered together to evaluate the reduction effect. The necessary enhanced measures including structure design, vegetation selection, soil amelioration and media improvement should be taken.

关 键 词：降雨径流 营养物 低影响开发 绿色基础设施 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]