殷墟青铜器金属芯撑技术研究  

Research on the Technology of the Bronze Supported by Metal Core in the Yin Ruins

作　　者：刘煜[1] 岳占伟[1] 何毓灵[1] 胡东波[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院考古研究所 [2]北京大学考古文博学院

出　　处：《南方文物》2015年第4期97-111,共15页Cultural Relics in Southern China

基　　金：中国社会科学院考古研究所创新工程"青铜器陶范铸造技术的发展和演进"课题的一部分;中国科学院自然科学史研究所重大课题"科技知识的创造与传播"的资助

摘　　要：使用块范法铸造中国古代青铜器时,设置在范和芯之间的金属小块,叫作金属芯撑,又叫垫片,用以定位和保持壁厚,避免出现铸造缺陷。迄今为止已知最早使用这一技术的是早商的盘龙城青铜器。本文根据207件殷墟出土青铜器的X光片,详细分析了从中商三期到殷墟四期的鼎、斝、簋、瓿、觚等典型器类的金属芯撑设置的数量、位置及方式。研究指出,殷墟青铜器已大量和规范地使用了铜芯撑这一技术,特别是在殷墟四期。Metal chaplets, also called spacers, are small fragments which were put between the molds and the core when using piece-mold casting technology to make Chinese aneient bronzes. They were used to maintain the thickness of vessel walls,prevent the collapse or other damage to the assembly. So far the earliest bronzes used metal chaplets were those from Panlomngcheng site, an early Shang site. According to the analysis on the X-ray photos of 207 bronzes from Yinxu site, the numbers and styles of metal chaplets used on the Ding, Jia, Gut, Bu, Gu and other typical bronze vessels fi＇um the 3rd phase of middle Shang to the 4th phase of late Shang were discussed. The metal chaplets were commonly and regularly used on the Yinxu bronze vessels, especially in the 4th phase of Yinxu period.

关 键 词：殷墟 青铜器 金属芯撑 垫片 块范法 

分 类 号：K876.41[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]