尾砂膏体跳采充填开采相似材料模拟试验  

Testing Study on Similar Material Simulation for Skip Tailings Paste Backfill Mining

作　　者：孔凯 张保良[3,4] 蒲志强 吕学刚 

机构地区：[1]淄矿集团有限责任公司岱庄煤矿,山东济宁272175 [2]山东省充填开采工程技术研究中心,山东济宁272175 [3]山东科技大学矿业与安全工程学院,山东青岛266590 [4]矿山灾害预防控制省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地,山东青岛266590

出　　处：《煤矿安全》2015年第12期35-37,41,共4页Safety in Coal Mines

基　　金："泰山学者"建设工程专项经费资助项目(201309);山东省自然科学基金资助项目(ZR2014EEM001)

摘　　要：为研究以尾砂为骨料、胶固粉为细集料的膏体跳采充填覆岩变形、移动及破坏的规律,以张赵煤矿102采区1021工作面为工程背景,基于相似理论建立相似物理模型,对跳采充填情况下煤柱及充填体稳定性、顶板裂隙发育、弯曲变形规律进行研究。试验结果表明：第1轮采5 m,留15 m煤柱跳采充填开采后,基本顶和直接顶基本稳定,没有变形;第2轮开采煤柱累计长度80 m,随着回采煤柱数目增多,直接顶发生下沉明显,在距开切眼90 m处1-8测点下沉最大值达到4.5 cm;当工作面完全充填开采后,上覆岩层下沉最大值为22 cm,离层发育高度为29.4 m;煤柱和充填体所受垂直应力随煤柱回采数目增多而变大,煤柱监测数据的变化呈现阶梯状增加,分为突变期、缓增期、稳定期3个阶段;充填体受力稳定在0.012-0.02 MPa之间,变形小。To study the deformation and movement and failure of overburden rock in skip tailings paste backfilling material mining,the paper established similar physical model based on similarity theory and studied the stability of coal pillars and backfill and the fracture and bending law of roof by background of 1021 working face in 102 mining area of Zhangzhao Coal Mine. The results showed that the immediate roof and main roof was basically stable and did not deform after the first round skip tailings paste backfilling material mining with mining 5 m and leaving 15 m coal pillars. With the increase in the number of coal pillars mined,the immediate roof sank obviously and the measuring point 1 to 8 which stayed 90 m from the opening showed that the sinking maximum was 4. 5 cm after the second round excavating 80 m coal pillars. The overlying strata sinking maximum to be 22 cm and the height of abscission layer development was 29. 4 m when the working surface was filled and mined completely. The suffered vertical stress of coal pillars and backfill became larger with the number of coal pillars recovered increasing. The change of monitoring data in coal pillars showed stepwise increase divided into three stages of mutation and slow growth and stable period. The force of backfill body was between 0. 012 MPa and 0. 02 MPa and the body had small deformation.

关 键 词：尾砂膏体 跳采充填 覆岩运动 相似材料模拟 充填开采 

分 类 号：TD823.7[矿业工程—煤矿开采]