棉田土壤酶活性对尿素用量的响应  

Response of Enzyme Activity of Soil to Urea Application Rate in a Cotton Field Trial

作　　者：李鹏程[1] 董合林[1] 刘敬然[1] 刘爱忠[1] 孙淼[1] 李如义[1] 李亚兵[1] 张思平[1] 赵新华[1] 毛树春[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院棉花研究所/棉花生物学国家重点实验室,河南安阳455000

出　　处：《棉花学报》2015年第6期542-549,共8页Cotton Science

基　　金：棉花生物学国家重点实验室开放课题(CB2014A18);国家科技支撑计划(2014BAD03B02);转基因棉花中试示范(2012ZX08013007)

摘　　要：研究棉田土壤脲酶活性对长期不同尿素（酰胺态氮）施用量（纯氮0、90、180、270、360、450 kg·hm-2）的响应,以及棉花收获期土壤脱氢酶及土壤蛋白酶活性对尿素施用量的响应。结果表明：土壤脲酶活性随尿素施用量增加而增加,0~20 cm、20~40 cm土层土壤脲酶活性较接近,40 cm以下土层脲酶活性随土层深度增加而降低;土壤脲酶活性与土壤全氮含量、土壤有机质、速效氮含量均呈显著正相关。大田土壤脱氢酶、蛋白酶活性随尿素施用量（纯氮0~360 kg·hm-2）增加而增加,施氮450 kg·hm-2土壤脱氢酶、蛋白酶活性下降。棉田尿素纯氮用量270~360 kg·hm-2时,土壤脲酶、脱氢酶和蛋白酶活性较高,生产中适当减少尿素用量对3种土壤酶活性无显著影响。We studied the response of urease activity of soil in cotton field to different long-term urea（amide nitrogen） application（N application rates were 0, 90, 180, 270, 360, 450 kg·hm-2）, as well as responses of dehydrogenase and proteinase activity of soil at the harvest stage of cotton. The results showed that urease activity of soil increased with increased urea application rate,and urease activity at 0-20 cm soil depth were close to those at 20-40 cm soil depth. In contrast, urease activity of soil greater than 40 cm soil depth decreased with increased soil depth. There was a significant positive correlation between urease activity and total N content, organic matter content, and available N content of soil. Dehydrogenase and proteinase activities increased with increased urea application rate（0-360 kg·hm-2）; however, at the urea application rate of 450 kg·hm-2, dehydrogenase and proteinase activities declined. When the urea application rate was 270-360 kg ·hm-2, urease, dehydrogenase and proteinase activities were much higher than those of the urea application rate less than 270 kg ·hm-2, and there was no significant effect on urease, dehydrogenase and proteinase activities when urea application rate was 270-360 kg·hm-2in the cotton field.

关 键 词：尿素用量 脲酶 脱氢酶 蛋白酶 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]