叶面K、Ca和Mg营养对妃子笑荔枝果皮相应元素含量和着色的影响  

The effects of foliar application of K,Ca and Mg on the contents of these elements in pericarp and its colouration of Feizixiao litchi

作　　者：周晓超[1] 苏阳[1] 高丹[1] 周开兵[1] 

机构地区：[1]海南大学热带作物种质资源保护与开发利用教育部重点试验室,海南海口570228

出　　处：《福建农林大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第6期593-600,共8页Journal of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31160383)

摘　　要：在妃子笑荔枝果皮着色的过程中,叶面喷施不同肥料均能提高果皮相应元素的含量.各施肥处理和CK(喷施清水)果皮的水溶性Ca含量与水溶性K含量、全Ca含量与水溶性K含量、全Mg含量与全Ca含量间的偏相关系数均呈显著正相关,且全K、全Ca、全Mg、水溶性K、水溶性Ca和水溶性Mg含量的复相关系数呈显著相关.喷施Mg肥解决了果皮"滞绿"的问题,喷施Ca和Mg的混合肥及K、Ca和Mg的混合肥解决了果肉"退糖"的问题.各施肥处理和CK果皮的花色素苷含量与其水溶性Mg、全Mg和全Ca含量均呈一元指数函数正相关,果皮叶绿素含量与其水溶性Mg和全Ca含量均呈一元指数函数负相关.可见,果皮Ca和Mg在促进果皮着色时相互增益.In the course of pericarp colouration of Feizixiao litchi（ Litchi chinensis Sonn. cv. Feizixiao）,foliar application with the nutrients all improved the contents of corresponding elements in pericarp. There existed significant positive partial correlations between the contents of water-soluble Ca and water-soluble K,the contents of total Ca and water-soluble K,the contents of total Ca and water-soluble K,the contents of total Mg and total Ca. And there existed significant positive multiple correlations among total and water-soluble contents of K,Ca and Mg. Application of Mg prevented stay-green phenomenon of pericarp,and application of Ca＋ Mg and K ＋ Ca ＋ Mg prevented sugar-withdrawing phenomenon of the flesh. The contents of cyanin in pericarp positively correlated with the contents of water-soluble Mg,total Mg,total Ca in single element exponential fuction in all treatments（ P〈0. 05）,while the content of chlorophyll in pericarp negtively correlated with the contents of water-soluble Mg and total Ca. These suggested that the contents of Ca and Mg in pericarp have a positive interaction for the colouration.

关 键 词：妃子笑荔枝 果皮 钾 钙 镁 着色 

分 类 号：S667.1[农业科学—果树学]