一株家禽羽毛角蛋白降解菌的分离与鉴定  

Isolation,Identification and Characterization of One Strain of New Feather-Degrading Bacteria

作　　者：周童娜 杨文翰[1] 赵江婷[1] 赵婷婷[1] 安晓英[1] 颜华[1] 贾良辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学生命科学学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2015年第11期37-41,51,共6页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：引进人才专项(Z111021104);引进人才专项(Z111021105);2014年大学生创新创业训练计划(201410712074)

摘　　要：为了探寻降解家禽羽毛角蛋白的微生物资源,利用富集及驯化培养的方法,从家禽养殖场长期堆积废弃羽毛的土壤中,分离能够有效降解羽毛角蛋白的细菌,并对其降解效果进行初步研究,结果分离筛选出1株能以羽毛角蛋白为唯一碳氮源的菌株N01。经形态特征观察,生理生化特征鉴定和16SrDNA序列分析,初步鉴定其属于节杆菌属。系统发育树显示,该菌株与金黄色节杆菌(Arthrobacter aurescens)的相似性最高,达99%,因而确定其为金黄色节杆菌。该菌株经过72h发酵,对羽毛角蛋白的降解率达75%,表明该菌株对羽毛角蛋白有明显的降解作用。该菌株的分离鉴定为微生物降解利用家禽羽毛角蛋白提供了新的种质资源。The aim of this study was to obtain feather-degrading bacteria,investigate its degradation effect,and develop the exploitation and utilization of feather-keratin resources,especially new process of feather-biodegradation by microorganisms.A strain was isolated from environment soil collected from the chicken feather waste site of a local poultry farm by the method of enrichment and domestication.It can grow by using feather as the sole source of carbon and nitrogen.The strain was preliminarily identified by morphology observation,physiological and chemical characteristics and phylogenetic analysis as the Arthrobacter.Phylogenetic tree based on 16 SrDNA sequence of the strain had the highest sequence identity with Arthrobacter aurescens（99%）.Based on 16 SrDNA sequence analysis as well as physiological and biochemical property,the strain was identified as Arthrobacter aurescens N01.The degradation rate of feather was up to 75% after 72 hfermentation.It can be seen this bacterium has a strong effect on degradation of feather.Up to date,feather degradation by Arthrobacter has not been reported by far,thus,we provid a new efficient keratin-degraded bacterium to utilize feather.

关 键 词：羽毛角蛋白 角蛋白降解菌 分离 鉴定 

分 类 号：S811.6[农业科学—畜牧学]