规模化猪场粪污综合利用工艺分析  

Technology Analysis of Slurry Comprehensive Utilization on Large-scale Pig Farm

作　　者：李俊卫 彭英霞 王浚峰 高继伟 顾本家 那蕊 陈冲 

机构地区：[1]北京京鹏环宇畜牧科技股份有限公司,北京100094

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2015年第11期67-71,共5页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划(2014BAD08B07);2014年度北京市科技计划(D141100003814002)

摘　　要：随着规模化猪场的快速发展,猪场粪污对环境的污染日益严重。我国规模化猪场粪污综合利用工艺主要以沼气工程为主,存在产气量少、沼气利用率低、投资回报率低等劣势。本文在分析现有工艺的基础上,借鉴畜牧业先进国家的经验,设计了"固液分离-固体堆肥和液体存储熟化-粪污还田"一体化的生态循环利用工艺。该工艺主要由"虹吸管道排污+固液分离"预处理系统和"固体堆肥+液体存储熟化"资源化利用系统组成,运行中对环境污染少,且可实现对猪场粪污中养分的完全利用,符合"减量化、无害化、资源化"的粪污处理原则。同时以1000头基础母猪规模化猪场为例,按照该工艺对其粪污处理进行了实例设计,并对其经济效益进行了分析。综合考虑环境污染、资源化利用、工程投资、运行管理、运行能耗、年利润等因素,相比于以沼气工程为主的猪场粪污综合利用工艺,生态循环利用工艺均具有显著优势,具有良好的经济、生态和社会效益。Slurry pollution to the ecological environment is becoming more and more serious with the rapid development of large-scale pig farm.As the waste comprehensive utilization techniques on large-scale pig farms were mainly biogas engineering,problems such as low gas production and utilization as well as low returns to investment exist in this mode.Based on the existing process analysis and the experience of the countries with developed animal husbandry,the ecological recycle mode consisting of＂solid-liquid separation-solid composting and slurry lagoon-slurry returning to field＂was put forward in this design.Combined the siphon pipeline and solid-liquid separation in pretreatment system with solid composting and slurry lagoon in resource utilization system together,this ecological recycle mode achieved the goal of nutrients complete utilization in the slurry with lower environment pollution,met the slurry processing principles of＂reduction,harmlessness and resource utilization＂.In this paper,a farm with 1000 pigs were taken as an example and the case-based design has been done for its slurry process,the economic benefit analysis was also included.In the respects of the environment pollution,resource utilization,engineering investment,operation management and consumption,and annual profit,the ecological recycle mode put forward in this paper is significantly superior with regard to good economic benefit,ecologic and social benefit compared with the biogas engineering-based techniques.

关 键 词：粪污利用 沼气工程 生态循环利用 存储塘 

分 类 号：S811.6[农业科学—畜牧学]