2004-2011年中国省域生态补偿差异分析  

China's provincial eco-compensation difference in 2004-2011

作　　者：刘春腊[1,2,3,4] 刘卫东[2] 陆大道[2] 陈明星[2] 徐美[5] 董晓峰[6] 

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学资源与环境科学学院,长沙410081 [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所中国科学院区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室,北京100101 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]衡阳师范学院湖南省人居环境学研究基地,衡阳421002 [5]中南林业科技大学旅游学院,长沙410004 [6]北京交通大学建筑与艺术学院城市规划系,北京100044

出　　处：《地理学报》2015年第12期1897-1910,共14页Acta Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41125005,41430636,41271184);湖南省人居环境学研究基地开放基金(RJ14K04);湖南省哲学社会科学基金项目(15YBA273);湖南省重点学科地理学建设项目(2011001)~~

摘　　要：基于地理学的区域关联与尺度转换视角,阐述了省域生态补偿及其差异分析的理论框架,及省域生态补偿差异测度的方法。在对省域生态补偿空间差异进行分析的基础上,运用变异指数法、艾肯森指数法和基尼系数法,探讨了2004-2011年中国省域生态补偿时间序列的总体差异、细部差异以及差异形成的驱动机制等问题。结果表明:1从地域空间上看,以"胡焕庸线"为界,该线所穿过的省域及其西北部诸省,大多为生态补偿大省。2虽然中国省域生态补偿差异总体呈扩大趋势,但在个别年份也存在缩小的情况,变异指数、基尼系数、艾肯森指数等的测算结果均符合该情况。3在整个时间序列变化曲线中,短期的分析结果表明各指数的差异程度存在不一致;但从长期变化趋势看,三个指数反映的情况基本接近;在探究省域生态补偿差异时,应以长期的变化趋势作为分析的基础。4通过虚拟基尼系数的计算发现,生态资源的经济价值在中国省域生态补偿差异中起决定性作用,其对省域生态补偿差异的贡献在73%以上;其次是环境污染物治理成本,其贡献率也达到了19%以上;环境污染治理投入对省域生态补偿差异的影响非常小,不足8%。In this paper, we discussed a theoretical framework based on analysis of provincial eco- compensation difference and presented the measurement methods. Via the use of coefficient of variation, Atkinson index, and Gini coefficient, we probed the overall differences of Chinese provincial eco- compensation time series data from 2004 to 2011 and studied the driving mechanism underlying such differences. Results show that：（1） The provincial ecocompensation standard has geographical features. For example, the provinces crossed by the ＂HU Huanyong Line＂ or located to its northwestern side have obtained extensive ecocompensation.（2） The eco- compensation difference presents an increasing trend, but with some fluctuations in 2006 and 2009 by coefficient of variation, in 2005, 2007 and 2011 by Gini coefficient, in 2007, 2008 and 2011 by Atkinson index.（3） Time series curves indicate that while the three signals（coefficient of variation, Atkinson index, and Gini coefficient） differ in the short- term analysis, they show the same tendency in the longer term. The results indicate that it is necessary to evaluate the eco- compensation difference at provincial level for a long period of time.（4） Via the calculation of the virtual Gini coefficient, we found that, among the factors that influence provincial eco- compensation difference, the economic value of ecoresources plays a decisive role, explaining more than 73% of the difference. The cost of environmental pollutant governance is the second most important factor, contributing to more than 19% of the difference. The input to environmental pollution amelioration has the least influence, contributing to less than 8% of the difference. The research results agree with facts and other researches, and could give references to policy makers.

关 键 词：省域生态补偿 差异 测度 中国 

分 类 号：F205[经济管理—国民经济] X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程]