煤矿爆破作业的不安全动作研究  

Study on Unsafe Act of Mine Blasting Operation

作　　者：祝楷[1] 傅贵[1] 阚瞳 朱逸凡 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)资源与安全工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《煤炭工程》2015年第12期65-68,共4页Coal Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(51074167);2010年度高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金资助(20100023110005);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2010YZ04)

摘　　要：通过对我国1950—2009年井工煤矿的瓦斯爆炸事故不完全统计分析,爆破作业为我国井工煤矿瓦斯爆炸事故最大隐患。为了探究爆破作业过程中的人的不安全动作对事故发生的影响。以煤矿爆破作业的相关标准、现场经验将爆破作业分解为13个流程、44个动作的完整动作链,再将近60年间发生的218起爆破引起的瓦斯爆炸事故中的不安全动作与之对标分析,得出爆破作业全过程的"管理漏洞"。结果表明,从历史事故案例来看,爆破作业中的"封孔"等5个关键流程、"第一次瓦斯检查"等8个关键动作导致了88%的事故,其中存在6个"管理漏洞",为预防爆破作业导致瓦斯爆炸事故的重点。According to the incomplete samples of gas explosion accident in underground coal mines from 1950 to 2009, blasting is the most serious hidden danger of gas explosion in China. To explore the influence of unsafe act on the accident in blasting operation, the blasting operation was divided into an act chain with 13 procedures and 44 acts based on standards and field experience. After taking a comparison between the unsafe acts in the 218 samples nearly 60 years and the safe act chain, the management defects in blasting operation in coal mines was found. The result shows that, 88% of the gas explosion accidents have been caused by mistakes in 5 key procedures in ＂hole sealing＂ and 8 key acts in ＂the first gas examination＂, in which 6 management defects exist, and this is the key point for prevention of gas explosion.

关 键 词：爆破作业 瓦斯爆炸 不安全动作 管理漏洞 事故预防 

分 类 号：TD-05[矿业工程] X921[环境科学与工程—安全科学]