桑树春伐栽培模式下的条桑收获法研究  

Study on Mulberry Shoot-harvesting Method under the Spring Pruning Cultivation Pattern

作　　者：薛忠民[1] 苏超[1] 陈旗[1] 肖乃康[1] 焦锋[1] 张敏娟[1] 张宝群 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学蚕桑丝绸研究所,陕西杨凌712100 [2]石泉县蚕桑发展中心,陕西石泉715200

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2015年第33期71-74,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-22);陕西省科技统筹创新工程计划项目(2014KTCL02-01)

摘　　要：[目的]研究桑园条桑收获形式与片叶收获形式对产量、工效和养蚕的影响。[方法]针对陕西主要养蚕地区桑树春伐栽培模式设计了春季重剪梢、春伐夏剪2种条桑收获法和轮伐式全年条桑收获技术。通过多年试验调查剪条收获形式对桑树发条、产量、工效和养蚕的影响。[结果]采用春季重剪法和春伐夏剪法比对照春伐法全年枝条总长度分别增加77.89%、38.14%,桑叶产量分别增加30.06%、7.75%;＂春季重剪梢-春伐夏剪＂轮伐式条桑收获技术能达到全年70%~80%的条桑收获,提高采收桑叶工效2倍,养蚕工效提高18.18%,夏季和秋季条桑的养蚕和产茧成绩优于饲喂叶片。[结论]全年条桑收获方法是可行的。[Objective] The aim was to study the effect of shoot-harvesting method on shoot growth,mulberry leaves yield,labor efficiency and silkworm rearing. [Method] According to the mulberry spring pruning cultivation pattern in the main sericulture area of Shaanxi Province,2 shoot-harvesting method（ heavy shoot cutting in spring method and pruning in spring and summer method） and a rotation type annual shoot harvest technology was designed. Years of effort that have been made to investigate the influences of shoot-harvesting method on shoot growth,mulberry leaves yield,labor efficiency and silkworm rearing. [Result]Compared to the spring pruning method,high intensity shoot cutting in spring method and pruning in spring and summer method had an increased mulberry leaves yield increment by 30. 06% and 7. 75%,respectively,while the total length of shoots of whole year was 77. 89% and 38. 14%,respectively. It was found that the high intensity shoot cutting in spring associate with pruning in spring and summer method was a rotation type annual shoot harvest technology. The whole-year shoot-harvesting yield could be 70%- 80% by using this method. The rotation type annual shoot harvest technology increased mulberry leaves harvesting efficiency by 2-fold,and had an increased sericulture efficiency by 18. 18%. The result showed that shoot rearing was better than leaves rearing in summer and autumn. [Conclusion] The whole year mulbemy shoot-harvesting method was feasible.

关 键 词：桑树春伐 条桑收获 省力化 

分 类 号：S66[农业科学—果树学]