不同种植方式对丘陵地小麦田土壤水分、产量及水分利用效率的影响  

Effects of Winter Wheat Planting Manners on Soil Water,Yield,and Water Use Efficiency in Hilly Land

作　　者：董琦[1] 冯变娥 乔俊芳 范晋波 张凤洁[1] 李莎莎[1] 高志强[1] 王爱萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学农学院,山西太谷030801

出　　处：《激光生物学报》2015年第6期573-579,共7页Acta Laser Biology Sinica

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-03-01-24);山西省科技攻关计划项目(20140311011-7)

摘　　要：目的：为研究不同种植方式对丘陵地小麦田土壤水分,产量及水分利用效率的影响.方法：以临旱536小麦品种为供试材料,采用随机区组方法,以常规种植方式为对照进行研究.结果：与常规播种（CK）相比,窄行稀条播（C1）、膜侧条播（C2）、沟播（C3）播种0～240cm土层的含水量在整个生育时期下降较大,对0～120cm土壤含水率有明显改善,同时提高了深层土壤水分的利用,C2有利于拔节期前中层土壤（80～220cm）保墒.各处理间的总耗水量达极显著差异,C2最大,C3、CK、C1依次降低,且在拔节期达到耗水量的最大值,占总耗水量27.58% ～37.56%.C2、C3灌浆速率和地上生物量明显高于C1、CK,千粒重、产量、降水利用效率表现为C2〉C3〉C1〉CK.结论：C2显著改善土壤水分,提高了小麦地上生物量、灌浆速率、降水利用率、千粒重,进而增加了产量.The aims of the research were to evaluate the effects of different planting manners in soil water,yield,and water usage efficiency( WUE) in hilly land. Experiments Using randomized block method were carried out by using Linhan 536 as material. The result shows narrow row sparse drilling technique( C1),drilling beside plastic film( C2),ridge sowing( C3) have reduced more significantly in the 0-240 cm layer in the whole growth period,compared with normal drilling seeding technique( CK),there were significant alter ations in 0-120 cm,enhancing the water usage efficiency.C2 was contributed to protecting middle soil water before jointing. There was a significant difference in the total water consumption among the three treatments in the sequence C2 > C3 > CK > C1. Jointing reached the maximum water consumption which is 27. 58% ~ 37. 56% of the total water consumption. Grouting rate and aboveground biomass of C2,C3 were higher than C1,CK. Thousand kernel weight,yield,utilization rate of rainfall showed the trend of C2 > C3 > C1 >CK. All of those analysis clarify C2 promote the change of soil water,enhance grouting rate,abovegroud biomass,utilization rate of rainfall,thousand kernel weight,which result in the increase of yield finally.

关 键 词：冬小麦 种植方式 土壤水分 生物产量 产量 水分利用效率 

分 类 号：S512.101[农业科学—作物学]