中国动物园大猩猩圈养种群现状分析  

Genetic Diversity and Statistical Feature of the Captive Gorilla Population in China's Zoos

作　　者：廖辉[1] 袁梨[1] 殷毓中 张邓华 姚勇[1] 钟灵[1] 周俊[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆动物园,重庆400050

出　　处：《野生动物学报》2015年第4期378-381,共4页CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE

摘　　要：物种谱系是种群管理的必要前提,大猩猩被列为IUCN极危物种。中国动物园大猩猩圈养种群始于1973年,截至2013年12月31日,共有8只存活个体。为了更好地科学管理中国动物园大猩猩圈养种群,对收集到的大猩猩中国区谱系及其扩展谱系进行了统计学与遗传学分析。结果表明,种群平均增长率λ=0.968,呈下降趋势。种群奠基者共14只,潜在奠基者1只。种群保留了野生个体87.24%的基因多样性,无近亲繁殖情况。根据现状分析结果,中国动物园大猩猩圈养种群是一个极小的种群,该种群的发展壮大有待于加强国内自身繁殖,更有待于从国外引进个体或开启国际合作繁殖。Knowledge of pedigree is essential for management of captive animal populations.Gorilla（Gor///a gorilla）is listed as a critically endangered species by IUCN.The captive gorilla population in China zoos was initiated in 1973,and only 8 individuals（6 males and 2 females） remained alive at the end of 2013.In order to manage and expand the captive gorilla population in China zoos in a more scientific manner,we used SPARKS（v1.6） and PM×（v1.0） programs to perform genetic and statistical analysis of captive gorillas.The average population growth rate（A） was 0.968 and the population number was declining.There were 14 founders and 1 potential founder.This gorilla population retained only 87.24%of the genetic diversity of wild individuals,and exhibited no inbreeding coefficient.These data suggest that the captive gorilla population in China is very small and urgently needs expansion by promoting domestic breeding/reproduction as well as importing from foreign countries and exploring international collaboration on gorilla mating.

关 键 词：大猩猩 中国动物园 圈养种群 现状 

分 类 号：S864.5[农业科学—野生动物驯养]