2005-2013年黄冈市病毒性肝炎疫情分析  

Epidemic Status of Viral Hepatitis in Huanggang City,2005-2013

作　　者：王芬[1] 潘洁[1] 

机构地区：[1]黄冈市疾病预防控制中心,湖北黄冈438000

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2015年第12期973-976,共4页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

摘　　要：目的探讨黄冈市病毒性肝炎流行特征,为制定肝炎防制策略提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学分析方法,对黄冈市2005-2013年间86 365例病毒性肝炎病例进行分析,率的比较采用卡方检验。结果 2005-2013年黄冈市病毒性肝炎年均发病率142.5/10万,以乙肝报告病例最多,占92.07%,甲肝和未分型肝炎发病率呈现逐渐下降的趋势,丙肝和戊肝呈现逐渐上升的趋势;甲肝、乙肝和戊肝男性发病率高于女性发病率（χ^2甲肝=27.44,P=0.00;χ^2乙肝=280.2,P=0.00;χ^2戊肝=36.81,P=0.00）;15岁以下乙肝发病的比例在2005-2013年间呈逐渐降低的趋势,乙肝病例中以农民为主,而且农民乙肝发病数除了2009和2010年之外呈现一个明显上升的趋势;学生乙肝发病数逐年稳步下降。结论病毒性肝炎的防治应以乙肝防治为重点,在抓好新生儿、儿童乙肝疫苗、甲肝疫苗免疫接种工作的基础上,应继续扩大疫苗免疫范围,同时高度重视丙肝好戊肝的预防。Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics of viral hepatitis in Huanggang, city and pro- vide scientific evidences for developing strategies for control measures. Methods With descriptive epidemiologi- cal methodology, the epidemiological characteristics of 86 365 viral hepatitis cases in Huanggang during 2005 -2013 were studied. Chi -square test was used in ratio comparison. Results During the period, the average annual incidence was 142.5/105and the cases were mostly hepatitis B, accounting for 92.07%. The inci- dence of viral hepatitis A and undifferentiated declined year by year, while viral hepatitis C and E was in- creased. Males were more vulnerable to viral hepatitis A, B and E than females（x2 viral hepatitis A ： 27.44, P 〈 0. 01 ; x^2 viral hepatitis B ： 280. 2, P 〈0. 01 ; x^2viral hepatitis E = 36. 81 , P 〈 0.01 ）. The proportion of hepatitis B cases under 15 years declined significantly during this period, and the farmers were the main sufferers. And there was a rising trend during the last 9 years except for 2009 and 2010. Hepatitis B incidence in students declined steadily year by year. Conclusion Hepatitis B is the key prevention and control focus. The immunization range should be continuously carried out in addition to newborn and children immunization.

关 键 词：病毒性肝炎 流行病学特征 变化趋势 预防 

分 类 号：R512.6[医药卫生—内科学]