以酚醛包覆玻璃纤维为前驱体制备廉价活性炭纤维（英文）  

The use of ZnCl_2 activation to prepare low-cost porous carbons coated on glass fibers using mixtures of Novolac,polyethylene glycol and furfural as carbon precursors

作　　者：韦晓群 李启汉[1] 黎海超[1] 李慧君[1] 陈水挟[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学化学与化学工程学院聚合物复合材料与功能材料教育部重点实验室,广东广州510275 [2]广东进出口检验检疫局检验检疫中心,广东广州510623 [3]中山大学材料科学研究所,广东广州510275

出　　处：《新型炭材料》2015年第6期579-586,共8页New Carbon Materials

基　　金：Science and Technology Project of Guangdong Province(2014A030313192)~~

摘　　要：以酚醛树脂、聚乙烯醇和糠醛的混合物包覆玻璃纤维,经炭化和氯化锌活化制备出一种廉价的纤维状活性炭材料。表征了这种纤维状活性炭材料的表面形态、微晶结构、孔结构、表面化学特征和机械强度,评价了该材料的吸附性能。结果表明,在炭前驱体中加入聚乙烯醇和糠醛可以有效促进孔隙的发育,提升所制备多孔炭材料的孔隙率。当在前驱体中加入聚乙烯醇和糠醛时,所制多孔炭材料的比表面积可达2 023 m^2/g,否则其比表面积则仅为404 m^2/g。聚乙烯醇的加入提高了氯化锌的溶解性,促进了炭前驱体的活化;而糠醛与酚醛交联结构的形成则提高了炭前驱体的热稳定性,提高了炭得率。这两方面的措施均有利于提高样品的比表面积并降低其制备成本。该纤维状活性炭材料具有与传统活性炭纤维相似的微晶结构和吸附性能。Using ZnCl2 as an activation agent,low-cost porous carbonswere prepared using mixtures of Novolac,polyethylene glycol（PEG） and furfural in alcohol as carbon precursorsthat were coated onto glass fiber mats.The morphology,microcrystalline structure,pore structure,surface chemistry,mechanical strength and adsorption properties of the porous carbons were characterized.Results show that the addition of furfural and PEG to the carbon precursors greatly improves pore development.The specific surface area of the porous carbons is as high as 2023 m^2/g when PEG and furfural are added,otherwise it is only 404 m^2/g.It is found that the addition of PEG to the precursors can increase the solubility of ZnCl2 in alcohol,and thus facilitate the activation of the carbon precursors.The formation of a crosslinked structure of furfural with Novolac is responsible for the improvement in the thermal stability of the precursors and the increase in the carbon yield,which favors the increase in the surface area and the reduction of the production cost.The porous carbons have similar adsorption performance and microcrystalline structure to conventional activated carbon fibers.

关 键 词：活性炭 玻璃纤维 酚醛 氯化锌 

分 类 号：TQ342.74[化学工程—化纤工业]