创伤后成长的促进:基本原理与主要方法  

Facilitating Posttraumatic Growth:Theoretical foundation and clinical practice

作　　者：陈杰灵 伍新春[1] 安媛媛[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学心理学院应用实验心理北京市重点实验室,北京100875 [2]南京师范大学心理学院,南京210097

出　　处：《北京师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2015年第6期114-122,共9页Journal of Beijing Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：北京市社会科学基金重大项目(15ZDA11);教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(11JJD190006)

摘　　要：目前的创伤治疗主要针对创伤后应激障碍的缓解,但缓解创伤后的应激障碍不等于促进创伤后成长。创伤后成长的促进,关注个体在创伤后对基本图式的重建,重视对能够整合创伤事件且更能接纳矛盾性的积极图式的建构。创伤后成长促进主要基于创伤后成长的功能描述模型,可从社会因素和认知加工因素两个方面来进行突破。在促进创伤后成长的方法上,我们介绍了促进的一般过程以及在自我觉知、人际体验、生命价值方面进行促进的具体建议。未来需要进一步转变临床实践者的治疗观念,开展对创伤后成长的促进过程、治疗效果的临床研究,进一步探讨促进创伤后成长的因素及其作用机制,并尝试将创伤的积极面和消极面进行理论上的整合。The past studies on trauma therapies have mainly focused on relieving negative symptoms after trauma,such as posttraumatic disorder.However,relieving negative symptoms does not mean facilitating positive changes,such as posttraumatic growth.Facilitating posttraumatic growth puts emphasis on individual＇s reconstruction of schema after trauma and developing apositive schema that can integrate traumatic events and accept contradictions.The current study first reviews the theoretical foundation of facilitating posttraumatic growth,which emphasizes the social and cognitive processing factors on the facilitating process,and then introduces the clinical practices,including the general facilitating process and the specific suggestions on facilitating growth in domains as self-perceptions,and perspectives on one＇s relationships and philosophy of life.Some issues may be considered in future study and practice,such as（i）the change of the perspectives of clinical practitioners;（ii）the fulfillment of clinical research on the process,effect and influencing factors of facilitating posttraumatic growth;（iii）further studies on the factors influencing posttraumatic growth and the mechanism;and（iv）theoretical integration of the positive and negative facets of trauma.

关 键 词：创伤后成长 促进 创伤治疗 

分 类 号：G916[文化科学]